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ADCY3基因多态性与高强度间歇训练对体成分训练效果相关

赖俊仁¹, 龚莉¹, 刘岩², 李燕春³, 聂晶⁴, 周多奇^1,*

¹安庆师范大学生命科学学院，安庆 246133；²安庆师范大学体育学院，安庆 246133；³北京体育大学科学研究中心，北京 100084；⁴江西师范大学体育学院，南昌 330022

摘要

本研究旨在探讨汉族青年ADCY3 [编码腺苷酸环化酶3 (adenylate cyclase 3, ADCY3)]基因多态性对体成分高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training, HIIT)训练效果的影响，筛选对HIIT敏感的基因标记。招募237名非体育专业的汉族在校大学生，进行每周3次、为期12周的HIIT；HIIT前后检测志愿者的体脂肪等体成分指标。提取白细胞DNA进行基因分型。使用PLINK (V1.09)软件对所得单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)位点质控筛选，并构建线性回归模型，将ADCY3基因SNP位点与体成分进行关联分析。组间差异用ANOVA多重比较(LSD)检验，显著水平定为0.05。结果显示：1)通过基因芯片扫描ADCY3基因共得到SNP位点22个，经过质控和筛选将15个位点纳入分析，其中rs6753096位点与体成分HIIT训练效果有关；2) rs6753096位点与HIIT前体成分无显著关联(P > 0.05)；3)相较于TT基因型个体，CT/CC基因型志愿者总体身体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)和体脂肪在训练后下降更显著(P < 0.05)，携带C等位基因的男性志愿者的骨骼肌和去脂体重训练变化更明显，HIIT对CT/CC基因型女性志愿者的体脂肪改善效果更好；4) rs6753096位点与体脂肪HIIT敏感性显著相关(P = 0.0475)，CT/CC基因型志愿者对HIIT更敏感。以上结果提示，12周HIIT有效改善了汉族青年的体成分状况。ADCY3基因rs6753096位点与汉族青年训练前体成分不相关，但与体成分HIIT敏感性相关；CT/CC基因型个体对HIIT更敏感。

关键词： ADCY3; 单核苷酸基因多态性; 体成分; 高强度间歇训练; 敏感性

Association between ADCY3 gene polymorphism and the effects of high-intensity interval training on body composition

LAI Jun-Ren¹, GONG Li¹, LIU Yan², LI Yan-Chun³, NIE Jing⁴, ZHOU Duo-Qi^1,*

¹1College of Life Sciences, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China；²College of Sport, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China；³Scientific Research Center, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China；⁴College of Sport, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the impact of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of ADCY3 (encoding adenylate cyclase 3) on the outcome of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on body composition and screen genetic markers sensitive to HIIT in Chinese Han youth. A total of 237 non-regular exercise Han college students were recruited in a 12-week HIIT program, attending sessions 3 times a week. Before and after the HIIT program, their body composition was measured. DNA from the white blood cells was extracted and genotyped. PLINK (V1.09) software was used for quality control screening of SNPs loci, and a linear regression model was constructed to analyze the association between ADCY3 gene SNPs loci and body composition. ANOVA multiple comparisons (LSD) were performed to test the difference between groups, with the significance level set at 0.05. The results showed that: 1) A total of 22 SNPs loci were identified by the gene microarray scanning of ADCY3 gene, with 15 of them meeting the quality control criteria. The rs6753096 locus was associated with the training effect of HIIT on body composition; 2) The rs6753096 locus was not associated with pre-HIIT body composition; 3) Compared with volunteers with TT genotype, those with CT/CC genotype exhibited significant decrease in body mass index (BMI) and total body fat after training (P < 0.05); Male volunteers carrying the C allele had more significant training changes in skeletal muscle and lean body weight, while HIIT was more effective in decreasing body fat in female volunteers with CT/CC genotype; 4) The rs6753096 locus was significantly correlated with body fat sensitivity to HIIT (P = 0.0475), indicating that volunteers with CT/CC genotype were more sensitive to HIIT. In conclusion, 12-week HIIT program effectively improved the body composition of college students. The ADCY3 gene rs6753096 locus is not associated with pre-HIIT body composition, but it is associated with body composition sensitivity to HIIT, with individuals carrying CT/CC genotype showing greater responsiveness to HIIT.

Key words: ADCY3; single nucleotide polymorphism; Body composition; high-intensity interval training; sensitivity

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通讯作者：周多奇　　E-mail:

引用本文：

赖俊仁, 龚莉, 刘岩, 李燕春, 聂晶, 周多奇. ADCY3基因多态性与高强度间歇训练对体成分训练效果相关[J]. 生理学报 2024; 76 (6): 970-978.

LAI Jun-Ren, GONG Li, LIU Yan, LI Yan-Chun, NIE Jing, ZHOU Duo-Qi. Association between ADCY3 gene polymorphism and the effects of high-intensity interval training on body composition. Acta Physiol Sin 2024; 76 (6): 970-978 (in Chinese with English abstract).