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受体信号与生理调控及疾病发生专栏——序言

张晓燕^1,*, 于晓²

¹华东师范大学医学与健康研究院，上海 200241；²山东大学基础医学院，济南 250012

摘要

受体是细胞膜或细胞内的一种分子，能够特异识别其配体(如激素、神经递质、药物等)并放大化学信号，进而引起生物学效应。在多细胞生物体内，细胞间和细胞内通讯对生物的发育和完整性至关重要。这些过程的关键介质是受体，它们感知和转换细胞外信息，触发细胞内信号网络，最终产生表型反应。根据存在的部位不同，可将受体分为细胞膜受体和细胞内受体。细胞膜受体介导亲水性分子的信号传递， 如细胞因子、蛋白质多肽类激素。而固醇类激素、甲状腺激素等脂溶性分子可以穿过细胞膜，则能够与细胞内受体结合。根据受体的蛋白结构、信号转导过程、效应性质等特点又可分为4 类，即含离子通道的受体、G蛋白耦联受体(G protein-coupled receptors, GPCRs)、具有酪氨酸激酶活性的受体和调节基因表达的受体。《生理学报》本期设立受体信号与生理调控及疾病发生专栏，邀请国内学者结合自己的工作综述受体及其信号的研究进展、报道最新的研究成果。

Special topic on receptor signaling in health and disease—preface

ZHANG Xiao-Yan^1,*, YU Xiao²

¹Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China；²School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China

Abstract

A receptor is a molecule on the cell membrane or inside the cell that can specifically recognize its ligands (such as hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, etc.) and amplify chemical signals, thereby causing biological effects. In multicellular organisms, communication between and within cells is crucial for the development and integrity of the organism. The key mediators of these processes are receptors, which sense and convert extracellular information, trigger intracellular signaling networks, and ultimately produce phenotypic responses. According to their location, receptors can be classified into membrane receptors and intracellular receptors. Cell membrane receptors mediate the signaling of hydrophilic molecules, such as cytokines and protein peptide hormones. And lipid soluble molecules such as steroid hormones and thyroid hormones can penetrate the cell membrane and bind to intracellular receptors. According to the characteristics of protein structure, signal transduction process, and effector properties of receptors, they can be divided into four categories: ion channel containing receptors, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), receptors with tyrosine kinase activity, and receptors that regulate gene expression. Acta Physiologica Sinica has established Special Topic on Receptor Signaling in Health and Disease, inviting domestic scholars to review the research progress of receptors and their signaling based on their own work, and report the latest research results.

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通讯作者：张晓燕　　E-mail:

引用本文：

张晓燕, 于晓. 受体信号与生理调控及疾病发生专栏——序言[J]. 生理学报 2024; 76 (6): 863-864.

ZHANG Xiao-Yan, YU Xiao. Special topic on receptor signaling in health and disease—preface. Acta Physiol Sin 2024; 76 (6): 863-864 (in Chinese with English abstract).