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电压门控钾离子通道α亚基在心血管系统中的作用

杨锦洳^1,2, 黄鹏¹, 凌树宽^1,2,*

¹北京体育大学运动医学与康复学院，北京 100048；²瓯江实验室(再生调控与眼脑健康浙江省实验室)，温州 325000

摘要

电压门控离子通道(voltage-gated ion channels, VGICs)与细胞的兴奋过程息息相关，参与骨骼肌和心肌的收缩和神经信号转导。电压门控钾离子(voltage-gated potassium, Kv)通道在心脏信号转导中发挥着重要的作用，直接影响着心脏动作电位的复极化过程，心肌细胞中的钾离子通道调节电传导等许多复杂的心脏功能。目前Kv通道对心血管疾病的相关研究有限，因此本文总结了Kv通道的复杂结构，通道门控性、表达和膜定位的调节机制，以及不同α亚基在调控Kv通道中的作用及其对心脏重构的影响，并探讨Kv通道作为抗心律失常药物潜在靶点的可能性。

关键词： 心血管疾病; 电压门控钾离子通道; 心律失常; 心肌重塑

Role of voltage-gated potassium channel α subunits in cardiovascular system

YANG Jin-Ru^1,2, HUANG Peng¹, LING Shu-Kuan^1,2,*

¹School of Sport Medicine and Physical Therapy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China；²Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou 325000, China

Abstract

Voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) are central to cellular excitation, orchestrating skeletal and cardiac muscle contractions and enabling neural signal transduction. Among these, voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are particularly significant in cardiac electrophysiology, especially during the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential. In cardiac myocytes, Kv channels are integral to a multitude of sophisticated functions, including electrical conduction. Despite their importance, research on Kv channels in the context of cardiovascular diseases is limited. This review offers a comprehensive summary of the structural complexities of Kv channels, delineating the regulatory mechanisms involved in channel gating, expression, and membrane localization. Additionally, we examine the role of different Kv α-subunits in modulating Kv channels and their impact on cardiac remodeling, and assess the potential of targeting Kv channels for the development of anti-arrhythmic therapies.

Key words: cardiovascular disease; voltage-gated potassium channels; arrhythmia; cardiac remodeling

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通讯作者：凌树宽　　E-mail:

引用本文：

杨锦洳, 黄鹏, 凌树宽. 电压门控钾离子通道α亚基在心血管系统中的作用[J]. 生理学报 2024; 76 (5): 761-774.

YANG Jin-Ru, HUANG Peng, LING Shu-Kuan. Role of voltage-gated potassium channel α subunits in cardiovascular system. Acta Physiol Sin 2024; 76 (5): 761-774