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哮喘中嗜酸性粒细胞异质性研究进展

陈严^1,2,3, 应颂敏^1,2, 张超^1,2,*

¹浙江大学呼吸疾病研究所，杭州 310030；²浙江大学医学院附属第二医院呼吸与危重症医学科，杭州 31000；³浙江大学国际健康医学研究院，义乌 322000

摘要

哮喘是一种以慢性气道炎症为主要病理特征的异质性疾病，其中超过半数以上的患者由过敏原诱发，称为过敏性哮喘。炎症发生时，特异性趋化因子在受损的气道局部释放，募集大量嗜酸性粒细胞，活化后释放大量的炎症介质和细胞因子，进一步加剧气道炎症，嗜酸性粒细胞的数目与哮喘的严重程度呈正相关。近年来，嗜酸性粒细胞在哮喘发病机制中的作用受到广泛关注，相关的靶向药物和治疗策略也有大量研究。本文主要综述嗜酸性粒细胞异质性在哮喘发生、发展中重要作用的研究进展，并为未来的个性化和精准治疗提供新的思路。

关键词： 哮喘; 气道炎症; 嗜酸性粒细胞; 异质性

Research progress on eosinophil heterogeneity in asthma

CHEN Yan^1,2,3, YING Song-Min^1,2, ZHANG Chao^1,2,*

¹Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China；²Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China；³International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China

Abstract

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. More than half of asthma cases are induced by allergens. Eosinophils accumulate in large numbers in the airways, and their number is closely related to the severity of asthma. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the pathogenesis of eosinophils in asthma and the targeted therapeutic drugs for them. This article mainly reviews the research progress on the important role of eosinophil heterogeneity in the occurrence and development of asthma, and provides ideas for the personalized and precise treatment of asthma in the future.

Key words: Asthma; airway inflammation; eosinophil; heterogeneity

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：张超　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2024.0051

引用本文：

陈严, 应颂敏, 张超. 哮喘中嗜酸性粒细胞异质性研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2024; 76 (4): 643-652.

CHEN Yan, YING Song-Min, ZHANG Chao. Research progress on eosinophil heterogeneity in asthma. Acta Physiol Sin 2024; 76 (4): 643-652 (in Chinese with English abstract).