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长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶3在动脉粥样硬化中的作用研究进展

杨丽, 袁中华^*

南华大学衡阳医学院心血管疾病研究所，动脉硬化学湖南省重点实验室，湖南省动脉硬化性疾病国际科技创新合作基地，衡阳 421001

摘要

脂滴(lipid droplets, LDs)是储存中性脂质的细胞器，与脂质蓄积息息相关。长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶3 (long chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 3, ACSL3)是一种LDs相关蛋白，在细胞中主要分布于细胞膜、内质网和细胞内LDs，且分布依赖于细胞类型和脂肪酸供应。ACSL3是脂肪酸代谢的关键调节因子，与细胞内脂质积累密切相关，在LDs的合成与脂质代谢、细胞炎症、铁死亡等多种病理生理过程中发挥着重要作用。本文主要综述ACSL3在脂质合成、铁死亡和炎症反应等过程中发挥的作用，着重阐述ACSL3在动脉粥样硬化脂质蓄积中的作用机制，为发现动脉粥样硬化疾病中新的潜在治疗靶点提供新的思路。

关键词： 长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶3; 动脉粥样硬化; 脂质蓄积; 脂滴

Research advances on the role of ACSL3 in the atherosclerosis

YANG Li, YUAN Zhong-Hua^*

Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China

Abstract

Lipids droplets are organelles that store neutral lipids and are closely related to lipid accumulation. Long chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 3 (ACSL3) is a lipid droplet-associated protein mainly distributed in the cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and intracellular lipid droplets, and its distribution depends on cell type and fatty acid supply. ACSL3 is a key regulator of fatty acid metabolism that is closely related to intracellular lipid accumulation, and plays an important role in various pathophysiological processes such as lipid droplet synthesis and lipid metabolism, cellular inflammation, and ferroptosis. This paper mainly reviews the role of ACSL3 in lipid synthesis, ferroptosis, and inflammatory response, with focus on the mechanism of its role in lipid accumulation in atherosclerosis, and provides new ideas for exploring potential therapeutic targets in atherosclerotic diseases.

Key words: long chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 3 (ACSL3); atherosclerosis; lipid accumulation; lipid droplet

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通讯作者：袁中华　　E-mail: yzh5555@163.com

引用本文：

杨丽, 袁中华. 长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶3在动脉粥样硬化中的作用研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2023; 75 (4): 587-594.

YANG Li, YUAN Zhong-Hua. Research advances on the role of ACSL3 in the atherosclerosis. Acta Physiol Sin 2023; 75 (4): 587-594 (in Chinese with English abstract).