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DNA甲基化在早期营养程序化中的作用及临床意义研究进展

郑文, 李晓南^*

南京医科大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科，南京 210008

摘要

生命早期营养环境不仅与儿童早期生长发育相关，也影响成年期健康，大量流行病学和动物研究表明早期营养程序化是其重要的生理病理机制。DNA甲基化是营养程序化的重要机制之一，在DNA甲基转移酶的催化作用下，DNA特定碱基共价结合甲基基团，进而调节基因表达。本文总结了DNA甲基化在生命早期过度喂养致关键代谢器官“异常发育规划”继而引起子代远期肥胖、代谢紊乱中的作用，探索通过膳食营养干预调节DNA甲基化水平，以“去编程”的方式早期预防或逆转机体代谢紊乱发生的临床意义。

关键词： 早期过度喂养; 肥胖; 营养程序化; DNA甲基化; 膳食

Research progress on the role and clinical significance of DNA methylation in early nutritional programming  

ZHENG Wen, LI Xiao-Nan^*

Department of Child Health Care, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China

Abstract

Early life nutritional environment is not only associated with the growth and development of children, but also affects the health of adults. Numerous epidemiological and animal studies suggest that early nutritional programming is an important physiological and pathological mechanism. DNA methylation is one of the important mechanisms of nutritional programming, which is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase, a specific base of DNA covalently binds to a methyl group, to regulate gene expression. In this review, we summarize the role of DNA methylation in the “abnormal developmental planning” of key metabolic organs caused by excessive nutrition in early life, resulting in long-term obesity and metabolic disorders in the offspring, and explore the clinical significance of regulating DNA methylation levels through dietary interventions to prevent or reverse the occurrence of metabolic disorders in the early stage in a “deprogramming” manner.

Key words: early overnutrition; obesity; nutritional programming; DNA methylation; diet

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通讯作者：李晓南　　E-mail: xnli@njmu.edu.cn

引用本文：

郑文, 李晓南. DNA甲基化在早期营养程序化中的作用及临床意义研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2023; 75 (3): 403-412.

ZHENG Wen, LI Xiao-Nan. Research progress on the role and clinical significance of DNA methylation in early nutritional programming  . Acta Physiol Sin 2023; 75 (3): 403-412 (in Chinese with English abstract).