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高原低氧环境下影响肺动脉压力的相关因素分析

周振, 汤锋, 格日力^*

青海大学高原医学研究中心；青海省高原医学应用基础重点实验室；高原医学教育部重点实验室，西宁 810001

摘要

肺动脉压力变化是反映机体在高原低氧环境中适应习服或病理损伤的重要生理指标，不同海拔、不同时间的低氧刺激对肺动脉压力的影响也不尽相同，其中许多因素影响肺动脉压力的变化，如血管平滑肌的收缩、血流动力学改变、血管活性调节异常以及心肺功能的异常改变等，深入探讨低氧环境下肺动脉压力的调节因素对明确低氧适应和习服的相关机制及急慢性高原病预防、诊断、治疗、预后具有重要的意义。近年来关于高海拔低氧环境下影响肺动脉压力的相关因素研究有了较大的进展，本文从循环系统血流动力学、血管活性状态及心肺功能变化等方面对低氧环境下肺动脉压力的调节因素和干预措施进行综述。

关键词： 高原; 低氧; 肺动脉压力; 肺动脉高压

Factors affecting pulmonary arterial pressure in response to high-altitude hypoxic stress 

ZHOU Zhen, TANG Feng, GE Ri-Li^*

Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University; the Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Xining 810001, China

Abstract

The alteration of pulmonary artery pressure is an important physiological indicator to reflect the organism’s adaptation to acclimatization or the pathological injury in response to high-altitude hypoxic environment. The effects of hypoxic stress at different altitudes for different time on pulmonary artery pressure are different. There are many factors involved in the changes of pulmonary artery pressure, such as the contraction of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle, hemodynamic changes, abnormal regulation of vascular activity and abnormal changes of cardiopulmonary function. Understanding of the regulatory factors of pulmonary artery pressure in hypoxic environment is crucial in clarifying the relevant mechanisms of hypoxic adaptation, acclimatization, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of acute and chronic high-altitude diseases. In recent years, great progress has been made in the study regarding the factors affecting pulmonary artery pressure in response to high-altitude hypoxic stress. In this review, we discuss the regulatory factors and intervention measures of pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by hypoxia from the aspects of hemodynamics of circulatory system, vasoactive state and changes of cardiopulmonary function. 

Key words: high altitude; hypoxia; pulmonary artery pressure; pulmonary arterial hypertension

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：格日力　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2023.0003

引用本文：

周振, 汤锋, 格日力. 高原低氧环境下影响肺动脉压力的相关因素分析[J]. 生理学报 2023; 75 (1): 130-136.

ZHOU Zhen, TANG Feng, GE Ri-Li. Factors affecting pulmonary arterial pressure in response to high-altitude hypoxic stress . Acta Physiol Sin 2023; 75 (1): 130-136 (in Chinese with English abstract).