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生理疼痛和社会疼痛的脑神经机制

程思¹, 李思瑾¹, 郑梓鑫¹, 张丹丹^1,2,*

¹深圳大学心理学院，深圳 518060；²深港脑科学创新研究院，深圳 518055

摘要

阐明生理疼痛和社会疼痛脑神经机制的异同可帮助我们理清疼痛的发生和改变机制，提高临床疼痛类别的甄别效率。研究表明，生理疼痛和社会疼痛均需调用参与情感体验(背侧前扣带回、前脑岛)、躯体感觉(后脑岛、次级感觉皮层)以及情绪调节(外侧前额叶皮层)的脑区。然而，生理与社会疼痛在相同脑区的激活区域(背侧前扣带回、背侧前额叶皮层等)存在体素级别的差异，而即使激活重叠的脑区(腹侧前额叶皮层)对两种疼痛的作用效果也并不一致。此外，研究表明社会疼痛的大脑激活模式受到实验范式的影响。未来的研究应优化实验室社会疼痛诱发范式，结合数据驱动的方式考察两种疼痛的脑神经机制差异。

关键词： 生理疼痛; 社会疼痛; 前扣带回; 脑岛; 外侧前额叶皮层

Brain basis of physical pain and social pain

CHENG Si¹, LI Si-Jin¹, ZHENG Zi-Xin¹, ZHANG Dan-Dan^1,2,*

¹School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China；²Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen 518055, China

Abstract

Increasing studies have provided cognitive and neuron evidence for not only the similarities, but also the differences between physical pain and social pain in the brain basis. Comparing the similarities and differences of the brain basis of physical pain and social pain helps us to clarify the mechanism of the occurrence and change of pain, and provide theoretical evidence for clinical pain treatment. In this review, we summarized studies to delineate the brain mechanisms of physical pain and social pain. Through the review of existing studies, we found that both physical pain and social pain can invoke the same brain regions that process emotional experience (the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula), emotion regulation (lateral prefrontal cortex) and somatosensory (the posterior insula, secondary sensory cortex). However, the voxel-level activated patterns of physical and social pain differ in the same brain region (dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, etc.), and the overlapping brain regions (for example, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex) have varied effect on these two types of pain. In addition, studies have shown that the brain activation pattern for social pain may be influenced by the experimental paradigm. Future studies should actively adopt a data-driven way to examine the brain basis of physical pain and social pain, especially the nerve activation mode, aiming to consummate the theory of pain.

Key words: physical pain; social pain; anterior cingulate cortex; insula; lateral prefrontal cortex

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：张丹丹　　E-mail: zhangdd05@gmail.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2022.0062

引用本文：

程思, 李思瑾, 郑梓鑫, 张丹丹. 生理疼痛和社会疼痛的脑神经机制[J]. 生理学报 2022; 74 (4): 669-677.

CHENG Si, LI Si-Jin, ZHENG Zi-Xin, ZHANG Dan-Dan. Brain basis of physical pain and social pain. Acta Physiol Sin 2022; 74 (4): 669-677 (in Chinese with English abstract).