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miR-494在疾病发生和发展中的作用及分子机制

莫夏¹, 陈宁^1,2, 李金秀^1,2, 郭艳菊^3,*, 范晶晶^1,2

¹武汉体育学院健康科学学院，武汉 430079；²武汉体育学院运动训练监控湖北省重点实验室，武汉 430079；³广西师范大学体育与健康学院，桂林 541004

摘要

microRNA-494 (miR-494)是位于染色体14q32.31位点上的一个非编码小分子RNA，主要通过结合靶mRNA的3'非翻译区(3' untranslated regions, 3'UTR)来加速RNA降解或抑制蛋白质翻译，从而调控转录后基因的表达。miR-494作为调控基因表达的重要因子，参与多种疾病的发生、发展和预后。PTEN/PI3K/AKT、核因子κ-B (nuclear factor κ-B, NF-κB)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK)、转化生长因子-β (transforming growth factor-β, TGF-β)/SMAD、Wnt/β-catenin是调控人体生理与病理生理学过程的重要通路，参与miR-494介导的多种疾病发生和发展。此外，miR-494在循环系统中的存在以及较高的稳定性使其有可能成为疾病诊断、治疗和预测预后的生物靶标。本文综述了近期miR-494在调控疾病中的作用及分子机制的研究进展，并概述miR-494在临床中的诊疗价值，以期为日后针对miR-494的研究及临床应用提供理论参考。

关键词： miR-494; PTEN/PI3K/AKT; 核因子κ-B; MAPK; 转化生长因子-β/SMAD; Wnt/β-catenin

The role and molecular mechanism of miR-494 in disease development and progression

MO Xia¹, CHEN Ning^1,2, LI Jin-Xiu^1,2, GUO Yan-Ju^3,*, FAN Jing-Jing^1,2

¹College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China；²Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China；³College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China

Abstract

MicroRNA-494 (miR-494) is a small non-coding RNA located in chromosome 14q32.31 and regulates post-transcriptional gene expression by promoting the degradation of its target mRNAs via binding to the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR). It has been reported that miR-494 plays an important role in the occurrence, development and prognosis of various diseases. Several signaling pathways modulated by miR-494 including the PTEN/PI3K/AKT, nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD, and Wnt/β-catenin are associated with physiological regulation and pathological process in many diseases. The stably expression of miR-494 in the blood stream suggests its potential as a biological marker for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Based on recent research, we summarize the role and molecular mechanism of miR-494 in disease development and progression. We also discuss its potential as a marker for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases.

Key words: miR-494; PTEN/PI3K/AKT; nuclear factor κ-B; MAPK; transforming growth factor-β/SMAD; Wnt/β-catenin

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：郭艳菊　　E-mail: guoyj_2520@163.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2022.0042

引用本文：

莫夏, 陈宁, 李金秀, 郭艳菊, 范晶晶. miR-494在疾病发生和发展中的作用及分子机制[J]. 生理学报 2022; 74 (3): 495-504.

MO Xia, CHEN Ning, LI Jin-Xiu, GUO Yan-Ju, FAN Jing-Jing. The role and molecular mechanism of miR-494 in disease development and progression. Acta Physiol Sin 2022; 74 (3): 495-504 (in Chinese with English abstract).