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血管活性肠肽：潜在的的抗病毒治疗靶点

何宇, 臧娜, 刘恩梅^*

重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸科，国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心，儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室，儿童感染免疫重庆市重点实验室，重庆 400014

摘要

病毒感染在临床上十分常见，且部分病毒性疾病有很高的发病率和死亡率，比如正在全球爆发的由严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, SARS-CoV-2)引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)。然而，由于反应不足、耐药率增加和严重的不良副作用等原因，目前大多数病毒感染缺乏特定的治疗药物和有效的预防性疫苗。因此，寻找抗病毒感染新的特定治疗靶点非常紧迫，其中“基于多肽的治疗方法”是一个新兴领域。因其高效力和低毒副作用，肽类可能成为很有前景的抗病毒药物。血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide, VIP)是一种具有前瞻性的抗病毒多肽。自1970年成功分离以来，研究证明VIP参与调控SARS-CoV-2、人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immune deficiency virus, HIV)、水泡口炎病毒(vesicular stomatitis virus, VSV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus, RSV)、寨卡病毒(Zika virus, ZIKV)和巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus, CMV)的感染。此外，鉴于病毒感染可能会因为免疫和炎症过度激活导致严重的并发症，VIP强大的抗炎和免疫调节特性使其成为有前景的一种候选药物。本综述总结了VIP在病毒感染中的作用和机制，并提出其作为抗病毒治疗靶点的临床潜力。

关键词： 血管活性肠肽; 病毒感染; 抗病毒治疗

Vasoactive intestinal peptide: a potential target for antiviral therapy

HE Yu, ZANG Na, LIU En-Mei^*

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, China

Abstract

Viral infection is clinically common and some viral diseases, such as the ongoing global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), have high morbidity and mortality. However, most viral infections are currently lacking in specific therapeutic agents and effective prophylactic vaccines, due to inadequate response, increased rate of drug resistance and severe adverse side effects. Therefore, it is urgent to find new specific therapeutic targets for antiviral defense among which “peptide-based therapeutics” is an emerging field. Peptides may be promising antiviral drugs because of their high efficacy and low toxic side effects. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a prospective antiviral peptide. Since its successful isolation in 1970, VIP has been reported to be involved in infections of SARS-CoV-2, human immune deficiency virus (HIV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Additionally, given that viral attacks sometimes cause severe complications due to overaction of inflammatory and immune responses, the potent anti-inflammatory and immunoregulator properties of VIP facilitate it to be a powerful and promising candidate. This review summarizes the role and mechanisms of VIP in all reported viral infections and suggests its clinical potential as an antiviral therapeutic target. 

Key words: Vasoactive intestinal peptide; viral infection; antiviral therapy

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通讯作者：刘恩梅　　E-mail: emliu186@126.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2022.0046

引用本文：

何宇, 臧娜, 刘恩梅. 血管活性肠肽：潜在的的抗病毒治疗靶点[J]. 生理学报 2022; 74 (3): 419-433.

HE Yu, ZANG Na, LIU En-Mei. Vasoactive intestinal peptide: a potential target for antiviral therapy. Acta Physiol Sin 2022; 74 (3): 419-433