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哺乳动物卵泡发育过程中组蛋白甲基化修饰的研究进展

张春娇, 王超^*

中国农业大学生物学院农业生物技术国家重点实验室，北京 100094

摘要

卵泡的正常发育涉及有序的基因转录激活和抑制等一系列复杂的生命过程，对雌性获得生殖能力至关重要。组蛋白甲基化修饰可以改变细胞内染色质的状态，影响基因的转录活性。现阶段的研究表明，组蛋白甲基化等表观遗传学修饰在雌性哺乳动物卵泡发育的过程中发挥了重要的调控作用。本文总结了组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化(H3K4及H3K9)等甲基化修饰与生殖细胞发育的关系及作用机制，包括其在卵泡发育过程中的有序动态变化规律，以及H3K4me3等通过结合在不同基因启动子区来调控其表达，进而影响生殖细胞表观遗传学重编程、卵母细胞转录和减数分裂等过程的进展。本综述将为开展与组蛋白甲基化修饰与性腺中实质细胞发育和成熟相关机制研究提供参考。

关键词： 表观遗传学; 组蛋白甲基化; 卵泡发育

分类号：R321.1;Q492.5

Histone methylation in mammalian follicular development 

ZHANG Chun-Jiao, WANG Chao^*

State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China

Abstract

The normal development of follicles involves a series of complex life processes such as ordered transcriptional activation and inhibition, which is crucial for female reproductive ability. Histone methylation can change the chromatin state in cells and affect the transcription activity of genes. Current studies indicate that epigenetic modifications such as histone methylation play an important regulatory role in follicular development in female mammals. This paper summarized the relationship between H3K4, H3K9 methylation and germ cell development, their regulatory effects, including their dynamical changes during follicular development, and the progress of H3K4me3 and other histone methylation binding to promoter regions of different genes to regulate gene expression and thus affect germ cell epigenetic reprogramming, oocyte transcription, meiosis and other processes. This review will provide a reference for the study of mechanisms related to histone methylation modification and the development and maturation of gonadal parenchymal cells.

Key words: epigenetics; histone methylation; follicular development

收稿日期：2020-12-30　　录用日期：2021-05-13

通讯作者：王超　　E-mail: wangcam@126.com

引用本文：

张春娇, 王超. 哺乳动物卵泡发育过程中组蛋白甲基化修饰的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2021; 73 (6): 980-990.

ZHANG Chun-Jiao, WANG Chao. Histone methylation in mammalian follicular development . Acta Physiol Sin 2021; 73 (6): 980-990 (in Chinese with English abstract).