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腺嘌呤核苷酸及代谢产物在调节糖脂代谢稳态中的作用

葛文浩, 刘珺豪, 杨云霞, 赵扬, 丁昭, 张建法^*

南京理工大学分子代谢中心，南京 210094

摘要

糖脂代谢是高等生命体最基本的代谢活动，其过程受到环境和遗传的影响，并在器官、细胞和分子等不同水平上得到精确调控。脂质的过度摄取和积累导致肥胖，诱导糖代谢调节的失控，从而形成胰岛素抵抗和高血糖等代谢综合征。本文综述了游离脂肪酸诱导靶细胞释放腺嘌呤核苷酸的相关研究，回顾了过去数十年关于正常和特殊生理状态下腺嘌呤核苷酸信号发生、转导和作用方式的研究成果，提出了腺嘌呤核苷酸及其代谢产物是脂质代谢和糖代谢相互调节过程中的介导因子，其在2型糖尿病发生、发展中可能承担新角色。

关键词： 糖脂代谢; 腺嘌呤核苷酸; 2型糖尿病; 胰岛素抵抗; 高血糖

分类号：Q591;Q493;R589

The role of adenine nucleotide and its metabolites in regulating the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism

GE Wen-Hao, LIU Jun-Hao, YANG Yun-Xia, ZHAO Yang, DING Zhao, ZHANG Jian-Fa^*

Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

Abstract

Glucose and lipid metabolism is the most fundamental metabolic activity of higher organisms. This process is affected by both genetic polymorphisms and environmental factors. Excessive uptake and accumulation of lipids lead to obesity and disorder of glucose metabolic homeostasis characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, suggesting that the cross-regulation between lipid and glucose metabolism happens precisely at organ, cellular and molecular levels by known mechanisms. Adenine nucleotides and their metabolites have emerged as mediators in the mutual regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarizes the roles of purinergic signaling induced by fatty acids in glucose metabolism and the development of type 2 diabetes.

Key words: glucose and lipid metabolism; adenine nucleotide; type 2 diabetes; insulin resistance; hyperglycemia

收稿日期：2020-11-22　　录用日期：2021-03-12

通讯作者：张建法　　E-mail: jfzhang@mail.njust.edu.cn

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2021.0070

引用本文：

葛文浩, 刘珺豪, 杨云霞, 赵扬, 丁昭, 张建法. 腺嘌呤核苷酸及代谢产物在调节糖脂代谢稳态中的作用[J]. 生理学报 2021; 73 (5): 707-722.

GE Wen-Hao, LIU Jun-Hao, YANG Yun-Xia, ZHAO Yang, DING Zhao, ZHANG Jian-Fa. The role of adenine nucleotide and its metabolites in regulating the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism. Acta Physiol Sin 2021; 73 (5): 707-722 (in Chinese with English abstract).