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前列腺类器官技术(POT)——前列腺干细胞和癌症研究中的“新金桶”

麦俊伟^1,2,3, 舒玉¹, 张顺景², 蔡志伟^1,*

¹癌基因与相关基因国家重点实验室，仁济-Med X临床干细胞研究中心，及泌尿外科，上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院，上海 200127；²拉曼大学医学与保健科学学院干细胞研究中心，雪兰莪 43000，马来西亚；³国际医科大学药学院，吉隆坡 57000，马来西亚

摘要

类器官是由单个干细胞、祖细胞或不同谱系的细胞簇在三维培养条件下自发形成类似体内组织结构的细胞簇。近年来，类器官技术为干细胞和癌症领域带来了革命性的变化。在这篇综述中，我们简要地概述了前列腺类器官技术(prostate organoid technology, POT)在前列腺研究中的进展。此外，我们也总结了POT在探究前列腺干细胞和癌症生物学以及探索前列腺癌治疗策略方面的潜在应用。最后，我们就当前POT在应用过程中的技术短板进行了讨论，并为第二代POT在研究前列腺癌细胞行为和患者对药物反应中的用途提供了全新的视角。

关键词： 类器官; 三维细胞培养; 肿瘤模型; 前列腺干细胞或祖细胞; 前列腺癌

分类号：Q25

Prostate organoid technology – the new POT of gold in prostate stem cell and cancer research

MAI Chun-Wai^1,2,3, SHU Yu¹, CHEONG Soon-Keng², CHUA Chee Wai^1,*

¹State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Ren Ji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China；²Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor 43000, Malaysia；³School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia

Abstract

Organoids are self-organized cellular clusters in three-dimensional culture, which can be derived from a single stem cell, progenitor or cell clusters of different lineages resembling in vivo tissue architecture of an organ. In the recent years, organoids technology has contributed to the revolutionary changes in stem cell and cancer fields. In this review, we have briefly overviewed the emerging landscape of prostate organoid technology (POT) in prostate research. In addition, we have also summarized the potential application of POT in the understanding of prostate stem cell and cancer biology and the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer. Lastly, we have critically discussed key challenges that lie in the current state of POT and provided a future perspective on the second-generation of POT, which should better recapitulate cellular behaviors and drug responses of prostate cancer patients.

Key words: organoids; three-dimensional cell culture; tumor model; prostate stem cells or progenitors; prostate cancer

收稿日期：2020-12-06　　录用日期：2021-03-11

通讯作者：蔡志伟　　E-mail: cheewaichua@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2021.0020

引用本文：

麦俊伟, 舒玉, 张顺景, 蔡志伟. 前列腺类器官技术(POT)——前列腺干细胞和癌症研究中的“新金桶”[J]. 生理学报 2021; 73 (2): 181-196.

MAI Chun-Wai, SHU Yu, CHEONG Soon-Keng, CHUA Chee Wai. Prostate organoid technology – the new POT of gold in prostate stem cell and cancer research. Acta Physiol Sin 2021; 73 (2): 181-196