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慢性应激通过减少毛囊黑色素细胞和酪氨酸酶活性导致雌性C57小鼠毛发颜色变浅

申晓亮¹, 刘韵资¹, 龚洪¹, 张懿¹, 吴腾云¹, 夏敏², 蒋春雷^1,*

¹海军军医大学心理系军事应激医学教研室，上海 200043；²中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所， 细胞生物学国家重点实验室，上海 200031

摘要

越来越多的证据表明压力可能会导致头发颜色发生变化，但其潜在机制尚不完全清楚。本研究采用雌性C57BL/6小 鼠脚底电刺激结合束缚来建立慢性应激小鼠模型，并用比色法检测小鼠皮肤和B16F10黑色素瘤细胞中黑色素含量和酪氨酸 酶活性；通过酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)测定小鼠皮肤中肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor α, TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)和白细胞介素6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)含量；通过免疫荧光染色评估小鼠皮肤中核因子κB (nuclear factor κB, NFκB)/p65亚基的含量。结果显示：C57BL/6小鼠在慢性应激下由于皮肤中的毛囊黑色素细胞和酪氨酸酶活性降低，其 毛皮颜色从暗色变为棕色。同时，慢性应激小鼠皮肤炎症反应增加，表现为皮肤中NFκB活性和TNF-α表达增加。在体外， TNF-α以剂量依赖性方式降低B16F10黑色素瘤细胞中黑色素生成和酪氨酸酶活性。以上结果表明，慢性应激通过降低雌性 C57BL/6小鼠的毛囊黑色素细胞和酪氨酸酶活性来诱导皮毛颜色改变，而TNF-α可能在应激诱导的毛色改变中起重要作用。

关键词： 慢性应激; 毛发颜色; 黑色素细胞; 黑色素; 酪氨酸酶活性; 炎症

分类号：Q45

Chronic stress induces fur color change from dark to brown by decreasing follicle melanocytes and tyrosinase activity in female C57BL/6 mice

SHEN Xiao-Liang¹, LIU Yun-Zi1¹, GONG Hong¹, ZHANG Yi¹, WU Teng-Yun¹, XIA Min², JIANG Chun-Lei^1,*

¹Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China；²State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China

Abstract

Increasing evidence suggests that stress may induce changes in hair color, with the underlying mechanism incompletely understood. In this study, female C57BL/6 mice subjected to electric foot shock combined with restraint stress were used to build chronic stress mouse model. The melanin contents and tyrosinase activity were measured in mouse skin and B16F10 melanoma cells. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the content of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin- 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the mouse skin. The content of nuclear factor κB (NFκB)/p65 subunit in mouse skins was valued by immunofluorescence staining. The results demonstrated that under chronic stress, the fur color turned from dark to brown in C57BL/6 mice due to the decrease of follicle melanocytes and tyrosinase activity in C57BL/6 mouse skin. Simultaneously, inflammatory responses in skins were detected as shown by increased NFκB activity and TNF-α expression in stressed mouse skin. In cultured B16F10 melanoma cells, TNF-α reduced the melanogenesis and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. These findings indicate that chronic stress induces fur color change by decreasing follicle melanocytes and tyrosinase activity in female C57BL/6 mice, and TNF-α may play an important role in stress-induced hair color change.

Key words: chronic stress; fur color; melanocyte; melanin; tyrosinase activity; inflammation

收稿日期：2019-08-25　　录用日期：2020-02-27

通讯作者：蒋春雷　　E-mail: cljiang@vip.163.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2020.0018

引用本文：

申晓亮, 刘韵资, 龚洪, 张懿, 吴腾云, 夏敏, 蒋春雷. 慢性应激通过减少毛囊黑色素细胞和酪氨酸酶活性导致雌性C57小鼠毛发颜色变浅[J]. 生理学报 2020; 72 (2): 139-147.

SHEN Xiao-Liang, LIU Yun-Zi1, GONG Hong, ZHANG Yi, WU Teng-Yun, XIA Min, JIANG Chun-Lei. Chronic stress induces fur color change from dark to brown by decreasing follicle melanocytes and tyrosinase activity in female C57BL/6 mice. Acta Physiol Sin 2020; 72 (2): 139-147