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颜色明度辨别阈限的高海拔效应

王治新, 张得龙, 马海林^*

西藏大学-华南师范大学高原脑科学研究中心，拉萨 850000/广州 510631

摘要

高海拔低氧环境暴露广泛影响人类中枢神经系统。以往高海拔低氧环境影响人类颜色感知的研究集中于模拟高海拔环境和急性暴露于高海拔环境，鲜有对长期暴露于高海拔低氧环境的移居者和世居者的研究。本研究采用最小变化法比较汉族平原居住者(30名)、汉族移居高海拔区时间满2年者(30名)、高海拔藏族世居者(28名)的红、绿、蓝、黄4种颜色的明度差别阈限，观察其受海拔环境的影响。结果显示，长期高海拔暴露对世居者和移居者的蓝色和红色差别阈限影响最显著，对蓝色差别阈限影响显著大于红色，而对绿色差别阈限产生的影响仅发生于世居者。研究提示，血液供应量与高原环境暴露导致视觉颜色加工选择性改变有内在的关联。

关键词： 高海拔; 差别阈限; 颜色; 移居者; 世居者

分类号：B84;B845;B845.2

The effect of high altitude on human color perception

WANG Zhi-Xin, ZHANG De-Long, MA Hai-Lin^*

Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa 850000/Guangzhou 510631, China

Abstract

Exposure to a high altitude hypoxia environment has significant negative effects on human central nervous system. Many previous studies have explored the influence of the high altitude environment on human color perception in a simulated high altitude environment or in an environment acutely exposed to high altitude, but little has been done in migrators and natives exposed to high altitude and low oxygen for a long period of time. In this study, the minimal-change method was used to examine whether the color perception of red, green, blue and yellow was affected by the high altitude in 30 plain residents, 30 Han migrators who have lived in the high altitude for 2 years, and 28 high-altitude-adapted Tibetan natives. The results showed that long-term high altitude exposure had the most significant effect on the blue and red color perception in the natives and the migrators, with the effect on the blue color being significantly greater than that on the red color. However, the effects on green color processing only happened to the natives. The results suggest that there is an internal correlation between blood supply and selectivity changes of visual color processing caused by exposure to the plateau environment.

Key words: high altitude; difference threshold; color; migrators; native

收稿日期：2019-04-03　　录用日期：2019-08-15

通讯作者：马海林　　E-mail: 83976475@qq.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2019.0063

引用本文：

王治新, 张得龙, 马海林. 颜色明度辨别阈限的高海拔效应[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (6): 833-838.

WANG Zhi-Xin, ZHANG De-Long, MA Hai-Lin. The effect of high altitude on human color perception. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (6): 833-838 (in Chinese with English abstract).