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促食欲素及其受体系统与神经系统疾病

崔静¹, 赵维燕², 曹飞¹, 相倩¹, 高燕², 潘衍有³, 王琴琴^3,*

¹济宁医学院基础医学院，济宁 272067；²济宁医学院精神卫生学院，济宁 272067；³济宁医学院神经生物学研究所，济宁 272067

摘要

促食欲素(orexin)作为一种神经肽在神经系统内分布广泛。促食欲素通过与其受体1及受体2结合引起下游信号通路激活，进而参与到摄食调节。近年来研究指出，促食欲素及其受体系统也参与睡眠-觉醒、学习记忆等机体重要生理过程，以及多种神经系统疾病的病理过程中。本文综述了促食欲素及其受体系统的生理及病理功能的最新研究进展，并揭示其与神经系统疾病发生和发展的相关性，为今后相关疾病的诊断和治疗提供理论基础。

关键词： 促食欲素; 促食欲素受体; 睡眠-觉醒; 进食行为; 记忆认知; 神经系统疾病

分类号：R338

Role of the system of orexin/receptors in neurological diseases

CUI Jing¹, ZHAO Wei-Yan², CAO Fei¹, XIANG Qian¹, GAO Yan², PAN Yan-You³, WANG Qin-Qin^3,*

¹College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China；²School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China；³Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China

Abstract

The neuropeptide orexin is widely distributed in the nervous system. Previous studies showed that orexin is involved in the feeding behavior regulation by binding to its receptor 1 (OX1R) and receptor 2 (OX2R) to activate the downstream signaling pathway. Recent studies have demonstrated that the system of orexin and its receptors are also involved in important physiological processes such as sleep-wake, learning and memory, and pathological processes of various neurological diseases. In this review, we summarized the research progress on the function of the orexin and its receptor system in physiological and pathological processes, and revealed the correlation between orexin and nervous system diseases, in order to provide the theoretical guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of the related diseases in the future.

Key words: orexin; orexin receptors; sleep-wake; feeding; memory and cognition; neurological diseases

收稿日期：2019-01-08　　录用日期：2019-05-28

通讯作者：王琴琴　　E-mail: qqwang@mail.jnmc.edu.cn

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2019.0050

引用本文：

崔静, 赵维燕, 曹飞, 相倩, 高燕, 潘衍有, 王琴琴. 促食欲素及其受体系统与神经系统疾病[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (4): 657-670.

CUI Jing, ZHAO Wei-Yan, CAO Fei, XIANG Qian, GAO Yan, PAN Yan-You, WANG Qin-Qin. Role of the system of orexin/receptors in neurological diseases. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (4): 657-670 (in Chinese with English abstract).