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蛋白同化雄性激素类固醇对青少年大脑功能的影响

吴嘉敏, 邓颖怡, 魏楚倩, 严进洪^*

深圳大学脑适能与技能学习实验室，深圳 518060

摘要

蛋白同化雄性激素类固醇(anabolic-androgenic steroid, AAS)有促进人体肌肉合成和增强雄性生理特征的作用，使用AAS可以增强肌肉发育和力量，提高运动成绩。滥用AAS已不仅是体育界的一个问题，研究表明，滥用AAS的青少年人数正在增加。青少年正处于身心发展的关键阶段，性激素是影响其身体和大脑发育的重要生理因素之一。长期或大量使用AAS很可能给青少年的神经系统和心理行为发展造成不可逆转的损害，而且这些影响很容易被忽略。本文从青少年的行为、情绪和认知功能，以及神经系统方面综述AAS对青少年使用者的影响。

关键词： 蛋白同化雄性激素类固醇; 青少年; 行为问题; 认知功能; 神经系统

分类号：R335; R338

The effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids on behavioral, cognitive functions and nervous systems of adolescents

WU Jia-Min, DENG Ying-Yi, WEI Chu-Qian, YAN Jin-Hong^*

Laboratory of Neuromotor Control and Learning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

Abstract

Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) is responsible for muscle building and masculinizing. Using AAS can enhance muscle development and strength, and improve athletic performance. AAS abuse is not only seen in sport. Research has shown that there is an increasing number of adolescent AAS abusers. Adolescents are at a critical period of physical and mental development. Sex hormones are one of the important physiological factors affecting the development of their bodies and brains. Long-term or high-dose AAS treatment is likely to cause irreversible damage to their nervous system and psychological behavior, and these effects are easily overlooked. The article reviewed the long-term adverse effects of AAS on psychological behavior, emotion, cognitive functions and the nervous system of adolescents.

Key words: anabolic-androgenic steroids; adolescents; behavior problems; cognitive functions; nervous system

收稿日期：2018-07-18　　录用日期：2019-02-01

通讯作者：严进洪　　E-mail: motorcl@163.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2019.0040

引用本文：

吴嘉敏, 邓颖怡, 魏楚倩, 严进洪. 蛋白同化雄性激素类固醇对青少年大脑功能的影响[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (3): 463-470.

WU Jia-Min, DENG Ying-Yi, WEI Chu-Qian, YAN Jin-Hong. The effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids on behavioral, cognitive functions and nervous systems of adolescents. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (3): 463-470 (in Chinese with English abstract).