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营养状态影响大鼠味蕾甘丙肽及其受体mRNA的表达

陈坷¹, 闫剑群^1,*, 孙波¹, 罗肖¹, 王楠¹, 吕波²

¹西安交通大学医学部基础医学院生理及病理生理系，西安 710061；²西安电子科技大学人文学院，西安 710126

摘要

机体的营养代谢状态参与调制外周味觉信息的整合，影响外周味觉感受和食物摄入。味蕾上的味觉受体及神经递质都是营养状态调节味觉感知的重要靶点。本文旨在探讨营养状态对味蕾上的重要神经递质甘丙肽及其受体表达的影响。我们比较了高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠、慢性限制性饮食大鼠、以及正常膳食大鼠味蕾水平甘丙肽及其受体2 (galanin receptor 2, GalR2) mRNA表达水平的差异，以探讨机体营养代谢状态是否通过调控味蕾水平甘丙肽的表达来影响味觉感知。分别给予各组大鼠6周的高脂饮食、半量饮食和正常饮食，检测其体重、血糖、血脂等代谢相关指标，用real-time PCR方法检测其味蕾甘丙肽与GalR2 mRNA的表达变化。结果显示：与对照组相比，高脂饮食大鼠的体重显著增加，血清甘油三酯及血糖水平显著增高，味蕾水平甘丙肽与GalR2的mRNA表达水平显著降低，而慢性限制性饮食大鼠味蕾甘丙肽的mRNA表达增高，是对照组的2.3倍。结合以前的研究，我们可以得出初步结论：高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠味觉感受行为学的变化可能与味蕾甘丙肽及其受体的表达变化存在相互关系。味蕾水平的甘丙肽及其受体GalR2参与营养状态调控大鼠味觉感知及摄食行为的外周机制。

关键词： 营养状态; 肥胖; 甘丙肽; 味蕾; 大鼠

分类号：R339

Nutritional status alters the mRNA expressions of galanin and its receptors in taste buds of rats

CHEN Ke¹, YAN Jian-Qun^1,*, SUN Bo¹, LUO Xiao¹, WANG Nan¹, LYU Bo²

¹Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China；²School of Humanities, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China

Abstract

The nutritional and metabolic status alters the peripheral taste perception and food intake by participating in the modulation of taste information integration. The taste receptors and neuropeptides in the taste buds are the important targets of this modulation process. To explore the effects of nutritional status on the expressions of galanin and its receptors in the taste buds, we compared the mRNA levels of galanin and its specific receptor GalR2 in the taste buds among the high-fat diet induced obese rats (HF), chronically restricted diet rats (CR) and control rats. The high-fat diet, half of chow diet, and normal chow diet were given to HF, CR and control groups for 6 weeks, respectively. The body weight and some metabolic indexes, including blood glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels were detected. The mRNA expressions of galanin and its receptors in taste buds were determined using real-time PCR. Results showed that compared with control rats, the body weights, levels of blood glucose and triglyceride were significantly elevated in HF rats; while the mRNA expressions of galanin and GalR2 were dramatically decreased. However, galanin mRNA expression in CR rats was increased to 2.3 times of that in control group. Considering the results obtained from our previous studies, we conclude that the behavioral changes in tasting choice of HF rats may be related to the expressions of galanin and GalR2 in the taste buds. The changes of galanin and GalR2 in taste buds are involved in the peripheral mechanism of nutritional status regulating taste perception and feeding behavior in rats.

Key words: high-fat diet; obesity; galanin; taste buds; rats

收稿日期：2018-04-02　　录用日期：2018-09-05

通讯作者：闫剑群　　E-mail: jqyan810@163.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2018.0079

引用本文：

陈坷, 闫剑群, 孙波, 罗肖, 王楠, 吕波. 营养状态影响大鼠味蕾甘丙肽及其受体mRNA的表达[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (2): 294-300.

CHEN Ke, YAN Jian-Qun, SUN Bo, LUO Xiao, WANG Nan, LYU Bo. Nutritional status alters the mRNA expressions of galanin and its receptors in taste buds of rats. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (2): 294-300 (in Chinese with English abstract).