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自主神经系统调控心脏炎症反应的研究进展

冯晔囡, 肖晗, 张幼怡^*

北京大学第三医院心内科、血管医学研究所，国家卫生健康委心血管分子生物学与调节肽重点实验室，分子心血管学教育部重点实验室，心血管受体研究北京市重点实验室，北京 100191

摘要

心脏受自主神经系统的交感神经和副交感神经的双重支配，两者相互平衡，维持并调节心脏能量代谢、心率及血压。多种心脏病理状态均存在自主神经系统的失衡，表现为增强的交感神经活性及受抑制的副交感神经活性。越来越多的证据表明，过度激活的交感神经会引起心脏炎症反应。适度的炎症反应有助于心脏清除损伤组织并启动修复，而过度的炎症反应则可造成心脏损伤。近年来由于对α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, α7nAChR)介导的胆碱能抗炎通路(cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, CAP)的认识，副交感神经在心脏中的抗炎作用也受到更多的关注。本文旨在总结交感神经和副交感神经对心脏炎症反应的作用及其机制，为临床干预心脏炎症反应提供新思路。

关键词： 自主神经系统; 交感神经; 副交感神经; 心脏炎症反应

分类号：R363; R338.5

Research advances of autonomic nervous system in the regulation of cardiac inflammation

FENG Ye-Nan, XIAO Han, ZHANG You-Yi^*

Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China

Abstract

The autonomic nervous system consists of the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. These two systems control the heart and work in a reciprocal fashion to modulate myocardial energy metabolism, heart rate as well as blood pressure. Multiple cardiac pathological conditions are accompanied by autonomic imbalance, characterized by sympathetic overactivation and parasympathetic inhibition. Studies have shown that overactive sympathetic nervous system leads to increased cardiac inflammatory reaction. Orchestrated inflammatory response serves to clear dead cardiac tissue and activate reparative process, whereas excessive inflammation may result in pathological cardiac remodeling. Since the discovery of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR)-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), the protective effects of the parasympathetic nervous system in cardiac inflammation have attracted more attention recently. In this review, we summarized the role and underlying mechanisms of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in cardiac inflammation, in order to provide new insight into cardiac inflammatory response in cardiovascular diseases.

Key words: autonomic nervous system; sympathetic nerve; parasympathetic nerve; cardiac inflammation

收稿日期：2018-08-24　　录用日期：2018-11-08

通讯作者：张幼怡　　E-mail: zhangyy@bjmu.edu.cn

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2019.0009

引用本文：

冯晔囡, 肖晗, 张幼怡. 自主神经系统调控心脏炎症反应的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (2): 225-234.

FENG Ye-Nan, XIAO Han, ZHANG You-Yi. Research advances of autonomic nervous system in the regulation of cardiac inflammation. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (2): 225-234 (in Chinese with English abstract).