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时距知觉适应后效的研究进展

李宝林¹, 黄希庭^2,*

¹京大学心理与认知科学学院，北京 100871；²西南大学心理学部，重庆 400715

摘要

个体的感知经验是影响时距知觉的重要因素。例如，反复呈现某一特定的时距信息会改变个体对后续一定范围内时距信息的知觉，这种现象被称为时距知觉适应。时距知觉适应会导致时距知觉适应后效：适应较长的时距导致个体低估后续时距，适应较短的时距导致个体高估后续时距。这一现象反映了时距知觉的可塑性，为揭示时距知觉的认知神经机制提供了重要线索。近年来，时距知觉适应后效受到了越来越多的研究关注。本文主要从表现、性质和认知神经机制三个方面总结了时距知觉适应后效的研究进展，并在此基础上提出了今后研究的可能方向。对这一现象的研究有助于更好地理解时距知觉，未来仍需更多的关注。

关键词： 时距知觉; 适应后效; 锚定效应; 通道模型; 神经基础

分类号：B842

Research advances on the duration aftereffect

LI Bao-Lin¹, HUANG Xi-Ting^2,*

¹School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China；²Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Abstract

Recent sensory history plays a critical role in the perception of event duration. For example, repetitive exposure to a particular duration leads to the distortion of subsequent duration perception. This phenomenon, termed duration adaptation, induces a robust repulsive duration aftereffect. In particular, adaptation to relatively long sensory events shortens the perceived duration of a subsequent event, while adaptation to relatively short sensory events lengthens the perception of subsequent event durations. This phenomenon implies the plasticity of duration perception and offers important clues for revealing the cognitive neural mechanism of duration perception. Duration aftereffect has received more and more attention in recent years. In this review, we introduce recent research advances in our understanding of duration aftereffect, especially with regards to its manifestations, origin, and cognitive neural mechanisms. We also propose possible directions for future research. In sum, we posit that studies on the duration aftereffect phenomenon are helpful in understanding general duration perception, and as such, should receive more attention in future. 

Key words: duration perception; aftereffect; anchor effect; channel-based model; neural basis

收稿日期：2018-05-02　　录用日期：2018-08-05

通讯作者：黄希庭　　E-mail: xthuang@swu.edu.cn

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2018.0099

引用本文：

李宝林, 黄希庭. 时距知觉适应后效的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (1): 95-104.

LI Bao-Lin, HUANG Xi-Ting. Research advances on the duration aftereffect. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (1): 95-104 (in Chinese with English abstract).