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星形胶质细胞作为脊髓损伤治疗靶细胞的研究进展

黄潇, 谷亚坤, 程雪燕, 苏志达^*

第二军医大学神经科学研究所，分子神经生物学教育部重点实验室，上海 200433

摘要

脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury, SCI )往往导致严重的感觉和运动神经功能障碍，目前尚无理想的治疗方法。因此，需要进一步深入研究SCI修复的病理机制，探索有效的治疗策略，特别是寻找有效的治疗靶细胞。星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统(central nervous system, CNS)的一类胶质细胞，在正常和损伤的CNS中均扮演了重要而复杂的角色，已成为神经科学家关注的焦点。近年来的研究表明，星形胶质细胞是SCI治疗的一个理想靶细胞。本文就星形胶质细胞在SCI病理反应中的作用、星形胶质细胞移植以及星形胶质细胞重编程等方面的研究进展作一综述。

关键词： 脊髓损伤; 星形胶质细胞 ; 细胞移植 ; 细胞重编程

分类号：R338;R744;Q42

Astrocytes as therapeutic targets after spinal cord injury 

HUANG Xiao, GU Ya-Kun, CHENG Xue-Yan, SU Zhi-Da^*

Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China

Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a challenging medical problem in the field of neurology, showing high incidence rate, disability rate, treatment cost and low-aged trend. Despite the clinical application of drug intervention, surgical treatment and modern rehabilitation training, no ideal curative effect has been achieved. Therefore, future study is necessary to clarify detailed pathological mechanism of SCI and identify the potential target cells for therapeutic intervention. In the central nervous system (CNS), astrocytes are the most abundant and widely distributed glial cells which play multiple key roles in maintaining homeostasis of the CNS in physiological and pathological conditions. Increasing evidence indicates that astrocytes are ideal therapeutic target cells for SCI. Here, we review current knowledge of the roles of astrocytes in the pathological reaction after SCI, astroglial transplantation and astrocyte reprogramming.

Key words: spinal cord injury; astrocytes ; transplantation ; reprogramming

收稿日期：2017-03-21　　录用日期：2017-09-30

通讯作者：苏志达　　E-mail: suzhida@smmu.edu.cn

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2017.0078

引用本文：

黄潇, 谷亚坤, 程雪燕, 苏志达. 星形胶质细胞作为脊髓损伤治疗靶细胞的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2017; 69 (6): 794-804.

HUANG Xiao, GU Ya-Kun, CHENG Xue-Yan, SU Zhi-Da. Astrocytes as therapeutic targets after spinal cord injury  . Acta Physiol Sin 2017; 69 (6): 794-804 (in Chinese with English abstract).