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β- 淀粉样蛋白对海马长时程增强的影响

张俊芳；杨东；祁金顺

山西医科大学生理学系，细胞生理学省部共建教育部重点实验室，太原 030001

摘要

β- 淀粉样蛋白(amyloid β-protein, Aβ)在脑内沉积形成的老年斑是阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)的一个主要病理特征。然而，目前研究表明，在AD 出现神经变性前的早期记忆功能障碍中，可溶性Aβ已经发挥了重要作用。可溶性Aβ引起认知功能下降的机制目前尚不清楚。海马长时程增强(long-term potentiation, LTP)是反映突触可塑性的重要指标，被认为与学习和记忆的形成有关。关于Aβ影响海马LTP 的研究报道，尤其是利用转基因动物取得的研究成果，为解释AD 患者出现的学习记忆功能障碍提供了有力的实验证据。本文结合近年来对AD 进行的诸多基础性研究，扼要介绍了Aβ尤其是可溶性Aβ及其活性片段对海马LTP 的影响，并讨论了Aβ抑制海马LTP 的可能机制。

关键词： 阿尔茨海默病; β- 淀粉样蛋白; 长时程增强; 海马

分类号：R338

[Effects of amyloid β-protein on hippocampal long-term potentiation.] [Ariticle in Chinese]

ZHANG Jun-Fang

Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China

Abstract

The accumulation of amyloid -protein (Aβ) plaques is identified as a major pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease(AD). Recent studies show that soluble species of Aβare involved in the early memory dysfunction long before neurodegenerativechanges. However, the mechanism underlying the neurotoxicity of soluble Aβis still unclear. Long-term potentiation (LTP) has beenthought as an important cellular model of synaptic plasticity for many years. The studies on the hippocampal LTP and Aβ, especiallythose using AD transgenic models, provided more evidence for the Aβ-induced dysfunction of learning and memory. Based on the recentresearches on AD, this article reviewed the effects of Aβ, especially soluble Aβ and its active fragments, on the hippocampal LTP. Thepossible mechanisms by which Aβimpairs hippocampal LTP are also discussed.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease; amyloid ;β-protein; long-term potentiation

收稿日期：2010-08-06　　录用日期：2010-10-11

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引用本文：

张俊芳；杨东；祁金顺. β- 淀粉样蛋白对海马长时程增强的影响[J]. 生理学报 2010; 62 (6): 479-488.

ZHANG Jun-Fang. [Effects of amyloid β-protein on hippocampal long-term potentiation.] [Ariticle in Chinese] . Acta Physiol Sin 2010; 62 (6): 479-488 (in Chinese with English abstract).