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三聚氰胺对中枢神经系统毒性的研究进展

杨佳佳, 安磊, 杨卓, 张涛^*

南开大学 生命科学学院；医学院，天津 300071

摘要

近几年对三聚氰胺毒性的研究越来越得到重视。一般认为三聚氰胺生物学效应的主要靶器官是泌尿系统，中毒机制是肾衰。然而已有更多的研究表明三聚氰胺存在其它的生物学作用，但三聚氰胺的毒性机制尚未被完全阐明。众所周知，哺乳动物胎儿期和婴幼儿期是神经系统发育的关键阶段。三聚氰胺能够通过胎盘及血脑屏障对胎儿中枢神经系统产生毒性作用，并可能导致认知功能损伤。本文综述了近年来三聚氰胺对中枢神经系统毒性研究的相关报道，为进一步了解三聚氰胺对婴幼儿的危害，特别是对中枢神经系统的影响提供实验结果。

关键词： 三聚氰胺; 中枢神经系统; 离子通道; 学习记忆; 突触传递与突触可塑性

分类号：R338；Q426

[Progress in mechanisms underlying melamine toxicity in central nervous system.] [Article in Chinese]

YANG Jia-Jia, AN Lei, YANG Zhuo, ZHANG Tao^*

College of Life Science； College of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China

Abstract

In recent years there have been more widely and deeply studies in investigating melamine toxicity. Generally, it is believed that the main target of melamine is the urinary system. However, previous studies revealed that it also had additional biological actions. Obviously, the toxicity mechanisms of melamine have not been fully clarified. It is well known that fetus and infant periods play the most fundamental role in the brain development. And melamine can pass through the placental and blood-brain barrier, and then exerts toxic effects on the central nervous system. This article reviewed the reports about the topic in recent years, for better understanding the dangers of melamine to infants and providing experimental data for further study.

Key words: melamine; central nervous system; ion channels; learning and memory; synaptic transmission and plasticity

收稿日期：2011-10-19　　录用日期：2011-12-12

通讯作者：张涛　　E-mail: zhangtao@nankai.edu.cn

引用本文：

杨佳佳, 安磊, 杨卓, 张涛. 三聚氰胺对中枢神经系统毒性的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2012; 64 (2): 238-244.

YANG Jia-Jia, AN Lei, YANG Zhuo, ZHANG Tao. [Progress in mechanisms underlying melamine toxicity in central nervous system.] [Article in Chinese]. Acta Physiol Sin 2012; 64 (2): 238-244 (in Chinese with English abstract).