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人体脂肪组织部位差异性与代谢综合征

王冉, 李晓南^*

南京医科大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科，南京 210008

摘要

肥胖主要表现为脂肪组织的过度聚集，而内脏脂肪组织的集聚与代谢综合征密切相关。不同部位脂肪组织在解剖学、脂肪细胞生物学、糖脂代谢和内分泌调节上存在显著差异。与皮下脂肪组织相比，内脏脂肪组织具有较强的代谢活性，产生大量游离脂肪酸、脂肪细胞因子、激素、炎症介质等直接进入肝脏及全身组织，这些特征可能是内脏性肥胖导致胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝、血脂紊乱等代谢综合征的重要机制，内脏脂肪组织成为临床监测、干预和治疗的靶标。

关键词： 皮下脂肪组织; 内脏脂肪组织; 脂肪细胞因子; 代谢综合征

[Different adipose tissue depots and metabolic syndrome in human.] [Article in Chinese]

WANG Ran, LI Xiao-Nan^*

Department of Child Health Care, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 230001, China

Abstract

Obesity is characterized by abnormal and excessive adipose tissue accumulated in the body. Compared with peripheral obesity (the accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue), abdominal obesity (the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue) is associated with increased risk of the metabolic syndrome, such as diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and dyslipidemia. Adipose tissue is a highly heterogeneous endocrine organ. Adipose tissue depots differ significantly in anatomy, cell biology, glucose and lipid metabolism as well as in endocrine regulation. Visceral adipose tissue has a stronger metabolic activity and secrets a larger amount of free fat acids, adipocytokines, hormones and inflammatory factors, which flux into the liver directly via the hepatic portal vein. These characteristics indicate that visceral adiposity may lead to the metabolic syndrome and thus visceral adipose tissue might be the clinical target for the prevention and treatment of obesity.

Key words: subcutaneous adipose tissue; visceral adipose tissue; depot-specific; metabolic syndromes

收稿日期：2016-10-11　　录用日期：2016-11-22

通讯作者：李晓南　　E-mail: xiaonan6189@163.com

引用本文：

王冉, 李晓南. 人体脂肪组织部位差异性与代谢综合征[J]. 生理学报 2017; 69 (3): 357-365.

WANG Ran, LI Xiao-Nan. [Different adipose tissue depots and metabolic syndrome in human.] [Article in Chinese]. Acta Physiol Sin 2017; 69 (3): 357-365 (in Chinese with English abstract).