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高海拔低氧对孕期胎儿发育的影响及原因分析

刘娟丽, 马四清, 乌仁塔娜

青海省人民医院重症医学科，西宁 810007；青海大学高原医学中心，西宁 810001

摘要

高海拔地区的低氧是造成孕期胎儿低氧的重要因素。环境低氧促使母体通过生理性调节使其能够利用有限的氧来维持母体以及胎儿内环境的相对稳态，并提供胎儿发育所需要的氧。本文就近年来有关高海拔地区低氧环境对孕期胎儿发育影响的研究进行总结，并从高海拔地区胎儿出生体重特征、母体生理功能的变化、遗传及胎盘影响因素等方面分析高海拔低氧影响孕期胎儿发育的原因，以期为生活在高海拔环境下妇女生育保健及由慢性低氧所致胎儿发育生长障碍的治疗以及干预提供参考。

关键词： 高海拔; 低氧 ; 孕期 ; 胎儿 ; 影响

分类号：R363.1+25

Effect of high altitude hypoxia on fetal development during pregnancy and the reason analysis

LIU Juan-Li, MA Si-Qing, WUREN Ta-Na

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, China； Plateau Medical Center of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China

Abstract

High altitude hypoxia is an important factor to affect fetal development during pregnancy. In the special environment, maternal physiological functions are regulated to maintain the maternal and fetal homeostasis, so that limited oxygen is to meet the needs of fetal growth and development. In this review, the literatures about the effects of hypoxic environment on fetal development during pregnancy in recent years were summarized, in which the fetal growth characteristics, maternal physiological regulation, genetic and placental influencing factors in high altitude areas were involved. This may be helpful for the reproductive healthcare of women in high altitude region, and also for the treatment and prevention of fetal growth retardation in the hypoxic environment.

Key words: high altitude; hypoxia ; fetus during pregnancy ; influences ;

收稿日期：2016-08-04　　录用日期：2016-11-15

通讯作者：马四清　　E-mail: siqing177@sina.com

引用本文：

刘娟丽, 马四清, 乌仁塔娜. 高海拔低氧对孕期胎儿发育的影响及原因分析[J]. 生理学报 2017; 69 (2): 235-239.

LIU Juan-Li, MA Si-Qing, WUREN Ta-Na. Effect of high altitude hypoxia on fetal development during pregnancy and the reason analysis. Acta Physiol Sin 2017; 69 (2): 235-239 (in Chinese with English abstract).