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光遗传学技术在疼痛研究中的应用

李毅, 郝瀚, 张海林, 杜肖娜^*

河北医科大学药理教研室，石家庄 050017

摘要

疼痛是影响广泛的临床问题，目前对于疼痛还缺乏非常有效的特异性药物和治疗方法。疼痛的传导通路涉及外周、脊髓和脊髓上多个水平，具有复杂多样性的特点。要解决疼痛方面的问题，首先要对疼痛感觉通路和神经生物学机制有清晰的认识。光遗传学方法是一项能够选择性激活体内特定类型神经元的技术，该技术的发展为深入解析神经系统多种传导通路以及调控机制提供了可能。本文综述了迄今在疼痛研究领域的光遗传学技术研究进展，并列举了在疼痛研究中有潜在应用价值的新型光遗传学方法。

关键词： 疼痛; 光遗传学; 伤害性感受器; 背根神经节; 脊髓

分类号：R338.8

[Application of optogenetic technique in pain research.] [Article in Chinese]

LI Yi, HAO Han, ZHANG Hai-Lin, DU Xiao-Na^*

Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China

Abstract

Chronic pain represents a major clinical issue which so far is still in shortage of selective and effective treatment. Multiple components are involved in the pain processing, including peripheral, spinal and supraspinal levels of the nervous system. The core to fight the pain problem effectively is to have a good understanding of nociceptive mechanism and the neurobiology of pain perception. Optogenetic technique allows selective activation of subpopulation neurons and provides possibility for better understanding of complex pathway and modulation mechanism in nervous system. Here we review the researches to date that used optogenetic tools for studying pain pathway, and we also provide a brief overview of some new development in optogenetic techniques that may have great potentials in pain research.

Key words: Pain; optogenetics; nociceptor; dorsal root ganglion; spinal cord

收稿日期：2016-02-24　　录用日期：2016-04-20

通讯作者：杜肖娜　　E-mail: duxiaona@hebmu.edu.cn

引用本文：

李毅, 郝瀚, 张海林, 杜肖娜. 光遗传学技术在疼痛研究中的应用[J]. 生理学报 2016; 68 (5): 655-660.

LI Yi, HAO Han, ZHANG Hai-Lin, DU Xiao-Na. [Application of optogenetic technique in pain research.] [Article in Chinese]. Acta Physiol Sin 2016; 68 (5): 655-660 (in Chinese with English abstract).