过刊浏览

microRNA-182的功能研究进展

董美娟, 肖婷, 孟文, 胡芳

中南大学湘雅二医院，中南大学代谢综合征研究中心，中南大学糖尿病免疫学(教育部)重点实验室，长沙 410011；南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院内分泌科，淮安 22330

摘要

microRNA是一类含有19~22个核苷酸的非编码RNA，在转录后水平调控基因的表达，参与多种生物学过程，如细胞分化、增殖、凋亡和代谢。microRNA-182 (miR-182)属于miR-183/96/182簇(cluster)的一员，在多种细胞和组织中表达，如成骨细胞、淋巴细胞、视网膜、内耳以及脂肪组织等。研究显示miR-182在这些组织器官的正常分化、发育和功能的维持等方面均发挥了重要作用，而它的异常表达则参与了包括视网膜病变、自身免疫性疾病、肿瘤、肥胖和糖尿病等多种相关疾病的发生发展。本文对miR-182在这些疾病发生发展中的作用及其可能的机制作一综述。

关键词： microRNA-182; 感觉器官 ; 自身免疫疾病 ; 肿瘤 ; 代谢性疾病

分类号：R339.1;R335;Q74

Research progress on the function of microRNA-182

DONG Mei-Juan, XIAO Ting, MENG Wen, HU Fang

Metabolic Syndrome Research Center of Central South University, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China； Department of Endocrinology, Huai’an First People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China

Abstract

microRNAs are a class of short non-coding RNAs containing about 19–22 nucleotides that regulate target gene expression through post-transcriptional repression or mRNA degradation, and involved in a variety of biological processes, such as cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism. microRNA-182 (miR-182), belonging to miR-183/96/182 cluster that consists of miR-182, -183, and -96, highly expresses in many cells and tissues, including osteoblasts, lymphocytes, adipocytes, retina, inner ear, etc. The recent studies of miR-182 highlighted its multiple important roles in differentiation, development, and functional maintenance in the cells and tissues. The dysregulation of miR-182 is associated with occurrence and development of many diseases, such as retinopathy, autoimmune diseases, cancers, obesity and diabetes. This review summarizes recent research progresses on the roles and mechanisms of miR-182 in cellular function and diseases.

Key words: microRNA-182; sensory organs ; autoimmune diseases ; tumors ; metabolic diseases

收稿日期：2015-09-24　　录用日期：2015-11-17

通讯作者：胡芳　　E-mail: hu_fang98@yahoo.com

引用本文：

董美娟, 肖婷, 孟文, 胡芳. microRNA-182的功能研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2016; 68 (1): 107-113.

DONG Mei-Juan, XIAO Ting, MENG Wen, HU Fang. Research progress on the function of microRNA-182. Acta Physiol Sin 2016; 68 (1): 107-113 (in Chinese with English abstract).