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对低氧的通气增强反应中的抑制性成分和内啡肽参与其机制的证据

龚美纯, 胡旭初, 黄肇荣, 许发弟

中国科学院上海生理研究所. 上海

摘要

成人与新生儿对急性低氧的通气反应明显不同:成人表现为通气增强的单相反应,而在新生儿(<7天)则反应是双相的,即先有短暂的通气增强,继以持续的通气不足。在兔上,成年兔与新生兔(<15天)之间也存在相似差别。纳洛酮可以拮抗此一抑制相,提示抑制是内啡肽活动所致。我们设想,成人也有类似情况:即对低氧的通气增强反应虽然表现为单相的,但整体中可能也会有“掩蔽”着的通气抑制性成分,它也是以内啡肽活动为基础。

Inhibitory component in the hyperventilatory response to acute hypoxia in adult rabbits and cats and evidence of participation of endorphins in the underlying mechanism

Gung Meichuen, Hu Shutsu, Huang Shaoyung, Xu Fadi

Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Academia Sinica. Shanghai, China

Abstract

The ventilatory response to acute hypoxia in human adults is different from that of the newborn infants.The adult response is simply a sustained hyperventilation, whereas in the newborn (<7 days) a biphasic response occurs, i. e. a very brief increase in ventilation followed by a prolonged hypoventilation Ill. Similar difference exists in the case of rabbits (<15 days), The inhibitory phase is antagonized by naloxone, implying that the responsible cause of inhibition should be endorphins activity. We hypothesize that similarly in the adult there might be a “concealed” endorphin effected inhibitory component within the overall hypoxic hyperventilatory response. The problem deserves study in view of the greater practical importance of understanding the adult response than that in the newborn period extending only several days. The present study provides experimental evidence that: (1) In both adult awake rabbits and anesthetized cats acute hypoxia gives rise to ventilatory inhibitory activities beside the generally known hyperventilating mechanism of chemoreflexive nature. (2) This hypoxic ventilatory inhibition can be reversed by naloxone injected into blood circulation, suggesting a hypoxiainduced endorphine effect to underlie the inhibitory component of the response. Simple injection of naloxone into circulation during normoxia does not affect ventilation. (3) Naloxone perfused through the fourth ventricle cerebrospinal fluid space also markedly antagonizes the inhibition, indicating that the endorphine effect concerned takes place, at least in part, in the central nervous system.

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引用本文：

龚美纯, 胡旭初, 黄肇荣, 许发弟. 对低氧的通气增强反应中的抑制性成分和内啡肽参与其机制的证据[J]. 生理学报 1985; 37 (1): .

Gung Meichuen, Hu Shutsu, Huang Shaoyung, Xu Fadi. Inhibitory component in the hyperventilatory response to acute hypoxia in adult rabbits and cats and evidence of participation of endorphins in the underlying mechanism. Acta Physiol Sin 1985; 37 (1): (in Chinese with English abstract).