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呼吸道迷走神经感受顺概述

於峻

路易斯维尔大学内科系与生理系.美国,肯塔基州 40292

摘要

据电生理实验结果,肺部感受器至少可被分为三大类:慢适应感受器、快适应感受器以及C纤维感受器。按血供来源,后者又可分为气道(体循环)与肺(肺循环)两类。近来发现呼吸道中存在着第四类感受器,它们由迷走神经的A#delta#传入纤维传递冲动,其放电活动不同于上述各类,对肺充气反应阈值高,故称之为高阈值A#delta#感受器。功能上前两类基本属于机械性感受器,而后两类可归为化学敏感性感受器。另外,用组织学方法,观察到气道内有一些神经内分泌细胞,它们可以散在分布,亦可集聚成小体。这些神经上皮小体受多种神经支配,其结果复杂,形态酷似感受器。虽然我们对其形态了解颇深,但对其放电形式一无所知。该文对以上各类感受器进行了评述与探讨。

关键词： 感觉神经; 机械性感受器; 反射; 肺

An overview of vagal airway receptors

Jerry Yu

Department of Medicine,and Physiology and Biophysics,University of Louisville,Louisville,KY 40292

Abstract

Breathing is critically depending on a variety of sensory feebacks from multiple sources for its optimal performance. The sensory information from the lung and airways probably provides one of the most importnt feedbacks to adjust the respiratory controller to generate optimal breathing movements. Since Breuer and Hering made the seminal report regarding role of the vagus nerve in control of breathing in 1868, airway sensory recetors have been a subject for intensive and extensive studies. After more than a century investigation, out knowledge accumulates immensely, however, our understanding of the nature of these sensory receptors is still far from complete. This brief review provides an overview on this topic.

Key words: Sensory nerve;Mechanoreceptor;Reflex;Lung

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引用本文：

於峻. 呼吸道迷走神经感受顺概述[J]. 生理学报 2002; 54 (6): .

Jerry Yu. An overview of vagal airway receptors. Acta Physiol Sin 2002; 54 (6): (in Chinese with English abstract).