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花魔芋球茎发芽抑制物质的提取、分离与鉴定

孙远明, 刘佩瑛, 赵玉英, 刘朝贵, 苏承刚

华南农业大学农业生物系.广东,广州 510642；西南农业大学园艺系.重庆 630716；北京医科大学药学院.北京 100083

摘要

从休眠花魔芋球茎中获得挥发性、 酸性、酚类、碱性和中性5类提取物,分别用它们及其硅胶薄层层析带处理小白菜种子和已解除休眠的魔芋种子,其中酸性提取物对两种种子发芽有显著的抑制作用。酸性提取物用DEAE-纤维素柱层析和硅胶薄层层析分离纯化,气谱-质谱联用仪鉴定含有脱落酸、阿魏酸和油酸。用其外源有机酸溶液分别处理已解除休眠的魔芋球茎,ABA和阿魏酸对球茎顶芽萌发及生长有明显的抑制作用。

关键词： 花魔芋; 球茎; 发芽抑制物质; 休眠

Extraction,isolation and identification of germination inhibitors in Amorphophallus konjac corms

Sun Yuanming, Liu Peiying, Zhao Yuying, Liu Chaogui, Su Chenggang

Department of Agricultural Biology,South China Agricultural University.Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong；China；School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Beijing Medical University.Beijing 100083

Abstract

The germination inhibitors in dormant konjac corms were extracted, isolated and identified. The volatile extract from dormant konjac corms by steam distillation or refluxing with petroleum ether was found to have no effect on the germination of Chinese cabbage seeds. The other constituents in dormant konjac corms were extracted with methanol or ethanol, concentrated to aqueous phase and then separated into basic, acidic, phenolic and neutral compounds by extraction with ethyl acetate under different pH conditions. The crude acidic extract was found to inhibit the germination of Chinese cabbage and nondormant konjac seeds but the basic, phenolic and neutral extracts had no effect on the germination of the seeds of these plants. The acidic extract purified by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column and silica gel thin-layer chromatography was found to contain abscisic acid (ABA), ferulic and oleic acids as identified by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Exogenous ABA at concentration of and above 10 mg/L and ferulic acid at 400 mg/L were found to inhibit the sprouting and growth of terminal buds of nondormant konjac corms after soaking in them for 1 h and oleic acid had no effect on it. Therefore, we suggested that ABA and ferulic acid was the inhibitors of germination in dormant konjac corms.

Key words: Amorphophallus kon jac K. Koch;Corm;Germination inhibitor;Dormancy

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引用本文：

孙远明, 刘佩瑛, 赵玉英, 刘朝贵, 苏承刚. 花魔芋球茎发芽抑制物质的提取、分离与鉴定[J]. 生理学报 1996; 48 (3): .

Sun Yuanming, Liu Peiying, Zhao Yuying, Liu Chaogui, Su Chenggang. Extraction,isolation and identification of germination inhibitors in Amorphophallus konjac corms. Acta Physiol Sin 1996; 48 (3): (in Chinese with English abstract).