当期文章

纤毛在心血管疾病中的病理生理机制(英文)

汪林森¹, 周丹¹, 马肖¹, 王志华^1,2,*

¹北京协和医学院中国医学科学院阜外医院，心血管疾病全国重点实验室，北京 100037；²中国医学科学院阜外医院深圳医院，深圳市心血管病重点实验室，深圳 518057

摘要

纤毛是广泛分布于真核细胞表面的细胞器，具有复杂的微管结构及多样化的生理功能，在细胞运动、信号转导、物质运输及感知外界环境变化中发挥重要作用。近年研究表明，纤毛功能障碍与多种心血管疾病进展密切相关。其中，初级纤毛通过感知血流剪切应力、流体动力学及外界信号，调控心血管系统细胞的增殖、分化及运动等过程。纤毛功能异常与高血压、心肌纤维化、动脉粥样硬化及先天性心脏病等心血管疾病存在密切联系，提示其在心血管稳态维持及疾病防治中的潜在价值。本文通过探讨纤毛对心血管系统的调控机制及其在疾病发生中的作用，旨在为纤毛相关研究提供理论依据，并揭示其在疾病早期诊断与治疗中的潜力。

关键词： 纤毛; 初级纤毛; 信号转导; 心脏发育; 高血压; 心肌纤维化

Pathophysiology of cilia in cardiovascular diseases

WANG Lin-Sen¹, ZHOU Dan¹, MA Xiao¹, WANG Zhi-Hua^1,2,*

¹State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China；²Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China

Abstract

Cilia are organelles on the surface of eukaryotic cells, characterized by complex microtubule structures and diverse physiological functions. By sensing external environmental changes, cilia play critical roles in cell movement, signal transduction, and molecule transport. Ciliary dysfunction has been associated with pathogenesis of human diseases. Primary cilia in the cardiovascular system sense blood flow shear stress, fluid dynamics, and external signals, and regulate cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and movement. Dysfunction of cilia has been closely linked to the onset of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, myocardial fibrosis, atherosclerosis and congenital heart disease. This relationship emphasizes the role of cilia in maintaining cardiovascular health and their potential in both prevention and therapeutic strategies. By exploring the regulatory mechanisms of cilia in the cardiovascular system and their involvement in disease pathogenesis, this review aims to provide a theoretical basis for cilia-related research and highlight their potential in early diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: cilia; primary cilia; signal transduction; heart development; hypertension; myocardial fibrosis

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：王志华　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2026.0046

引用本文：

汪林森, 周丹, 马肖, 王志华. 纤毛在心血管疾病中的病理生理机制(英文)[J]. 生理学报 2026; 78 (3): 463-475.

WANG Lin-Sen, ZHOU Dan, MA Xiao, WANG Zhi-Hua. Pathophysiology of cilia in cardiovascular diseases. Acta Physiol Sin 2026; 78 (3): 463-475