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成纤维细胞生长因子家族成员在精原干细胞自我更新及分化中的作用及机制研究进展

李光华^1,2, 郑英^1,2,*

¹扬州大学医学部组织学与胚胎学教研室，扬州 225009；²江苏省核酸与细胞命运调控高校重点实验室，扬州 225009

摘要

精子发生的正常过程是男性生育力的基石，其中，精原干细胞(spermatogonial stem cells, SSCs)的维持及分化是调节男性生育力的基础。成纤维细胞生长因子(fibroblast growth factor, FGF)家族成员对SSCs的自我更新和分化是必不可少的。FGF 家族成员的核心结构域由高度保守的β三叶折叠(β-trefoil fold)结构构成，该家族成员通常作为分泌型生长因子发挥生物学功能。这些生长因子在生物体的发育、细胞增殖、迁移和分化等方面扮演着关键角色。同时，FGF家族成员主要通过丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK)信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, PI3K/AKT)信号通路调控SSCs的自我更新及分化过程。本文系统综述了FGF家族成员调控SSCs自我更新及分化的最新研究进展，以期深入理解男性生殖系统发育和维持中的关键事件，进而为男性生殖障碍相关不育症的诊疗策略提供新的思路和理论依据。

关键词： 成纤维细胞生长因子; 精原干细胞; 自我更新和分化; 作用及机制

Advances in the roles and mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor family members in the self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells

LI Guang-Hua^1,2, ZHENG Ying^1,2,*

¹Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China；²The Key Laboratory of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Regulation (Yangzhou University), Yangzhou 225009, China

Abstract

The normal process of spermatogenesis constitutes the cornerstone of male fertility, wherein the maintenance and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are indispensable factors in regulating male fertility. Members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family are requisite for the self-renewal and differentiation of SSCs. The core domain of FGF family members is composed of a conserved spherical or atypical β-trefoil structure, and these family members possess secretion function. These growth factors play a pivotal role in the development of organisms and in regulating cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Simultaneously, FGF family members regulate the process of self-renewal and differentiation of SSCs through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathways. This article reviews the latest research advancements in the regulation of SSCs' self-renewal and differentiation by members of the FGF family, with the expectation of deepening the understanding of key events in the development and maintenance of the male reproductive system, thereby providing novel ideas and theoretical bases for the diagnosis and treatment of infertility caused by male reproductive disorders.

Key words: fibroblast growth factor; spermatogonial stem cell; self-renewal and differentiation; function and mechanisms

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：郑英　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2026.0010

引用本文：

李光华, 郑英. 成纤维细胞生长因子家族成员在精原干细胞自我更新及分化中的作用及机制研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2026; 78 (2): 353-366.

LI Guang-Hua, ZHENG Ying. Advances in the roles and mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor family members in the self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells. Acta Physiol Sin 2026; 78 (2): 353-366 (in Chinese with English abstract).