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非编码RNA调控PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路参与三阴性乳腺癌发生和发展的研究进展

黄祝^1,2,*, 李文静¹, 宋子卷¹, 黄思仪¹, 杨紫晴¹, 储亚桠³, 丁伏生¹, 李从虎¹

¹安庆师范大学生命科学与食品工程学院药用资源靶向开发协同创新中心，安庆 246133；²安庆师范大学生命科学与食品工程学院皖西南生物多样性研究与生态保护安徽省重点实验室，安庆 246133；³安徽省徽岳记食品股份有限公司，安庆 246600

摘要

三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC)以高侵袭转移、预后不良、死亡率高为特征，是恶性最强的乳腺癌，目前仍缺乏有效的治疗靶点。磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PI3K)/蛋白激酶B (protein kinase B, AKT)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR)通路在TNBC中普遍异常激活，导致TNBC患者化疗药物耐药性增加、临床预后不良。非编码RNA (non-coding RNA, ncRNA)包括微小RNA (microRNA, miRNA)、长链非编码RNA (long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)和环状RNA (circular RNA, circRNA)等，参与多种生物学过程，可作为致癌基因或抑癌基因调控PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路，促进或抑制TNBC的发生和发展。本文综述了TNBC中一些重要的miRNA，lncRNA，circRNA及其调控PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路的靶点和分子机制，希望为TNBC的研究开辟新的途径，最终促进TNBC精确有效治疗的发展。

关键词： 三阴性乳腺癌; PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路; miRNA; lncRNA; circRNA

Recent advances in non-coding RNA-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway regulation involved in triple-negative breast cancer pathogenesis and progression

HUANG Zhu^1,2,*, LI Wen-Jing¹, SONG Zi-Juan¹, HUANG Si-Yi¹, YANG Zi-Qing¹, CHU Ya-Ya³, DING Fu-Sheng¹, LI Cong-Hu¹

¹Innovation Center of Targeted Development of Medicinal Resources, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China；²Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Characteristic Resource Utilization in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China；³Anhui Huiyueji Food Co., Ltd., Anqing 246600, China

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by high invasion and metastasis, poor prognosis, and high mortality, making it the most aggressive form of breast cancer. Currently, there is still a lack of effective therapeutic targets for TNBC. Aberrant activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is prevalent in TNBC, leading to increased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and poor prognosis. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), including microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA), are involved in a variety of biological processes and can be used as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes to regulate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of TNBC. This article reviews some important miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, and their targets and molecular mechanisms that regulate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in TNBC, hoping to open up new avenues for the research of TNBC and ultimately promote the development of precise and effective treatments for TNBC.

Key words: triple-negative breast cancer; PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway; miRNA; lncRNA; circRNA

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：黄祝　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2025.0109

引用本文：

黄祝, 李文静, 宋子卷, 黄思仪, 杨紫晴, 储亚桠, 丁伏生, 李从虎. 非编码RNA调控PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路参与三阴性乳腺癌发生和发展的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2026; 78 (2): 315-330.

HUANG Zhu, LI Wen-Jing, SONG Zi-Juan, HUANG Si-Yi, YANG Zi-Qing, CHU Ya-Ya, DING Fu-Sheng, LI Cong-Hu. Recent advances in non-coding RNA-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway regulation involved in triple-negative breast cancer pathogenesis and progression. Acta Physiol Sin 2026; 78 (2): 315-330 (in Chinese with English abstract).