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膝骨关节炎疼痛的新认识：深部疼痛的特征及中枢加工的异常(英文)

陈木兰^1,2, 杜雨青^3,4, 许博洋^3,4, 赵峰^3,4, 胡晓青^3,4, 王韵^1,2, 张瑛^1,2,*

¹北京大学基础医学院神经生物学系，北京 100191；²北京大学神经科学研究所，教育部/卫生健康委员会神经科学重点实验室，北京 100191；³北京大学第三医院运动医学科，北京 100191；⁴北京大学运动医学研究所，运动医学关节伤病北京市重点实验室，北京 100191

摘要

膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis, KOA)是导致慢性疼痛最常见的原因之一。KOA的高发病率和致残率给个人和社会都造成了严重的负担。与皮肤浅表痛不同，KOA引起的关节疼痛是一种深部组织痛，可能涉及不同的外周感觉神经元亚群和中枢处理机制。此外，KOA疼痛与运动密切相关。患者受损的感觉运动整合能力与关节疼痛相互促进，形成恶性循环，加剧KOA的疾病发展。在本综述中，我们主要关注KOA关节疼痛与领域内广泛研究的皮肤浅表痛之间的区别，剖析异常感觉运动整合与关节疼痛的交互机制，从而深入理解KOA的病理机制，为治疗新策略的提出奠定基础。

关键词： 慢性疼痛; 关节痛; 感觉运动整合; 内感受; 神经可塑性

New insights into the pain of knee osteoarthritis: the characteristics of deep pain and abnormal central processing

CHEN Mu-Lan^1,2, DU Yu-Qing^3,4, XU Bo-Yang^3,4, ZHAO Feng^3,4, HU Xiao-Qing^3,4, WANG Yun^1,2, ZHANG Ying^1,2,*

¹Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China；²Neuroscience Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China；³Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China；⁴Sports Medicine Institute of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, China

Abstract

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain. The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society. In contrast to cutaneous pain, KOA-induced joint pain is characterized as a deep tissue pain that potentially involves distinct subgroups of peripheral sensory neurons and central processing mechanisms. Furthermore, KOA pain is closely related to locomotion activity. Impaired sensorimotor integration and pain mutually reinforce each other in KOA, forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates disease progression. In this review, we highlight the key differences between KOA pain and cutaneous pain, and the latter has been extensively studied in the pain field. We hope to offer new insights into the central mechanisms and development of new treatment strategies for KOA based on the interactions between impaired sensorimotor integration and chronic joint pain.

Key words: chronic pain; joint pain; sensorimotor integration; interoception; neuroplasticity

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：张瑛　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2026.0004

引用本文：

陈木兰, 杜雨青, 许博洋, 赵峰, 胡晓青, 王韵, 张瑛. 膝骨关节炎疼痛的新认识：深部疼痛的特征及中枢加工的异常(英文)[J]. 生理学报 2026; 78 (1): 47-56.

CHEN Mu-Lan, DU Yu-Qing, XU Bo-Yang, ZHAO Feng, HU Xiao-Qing, WANG Yun, ZHANG Ying. New insights into the pain of knee osteoarthritis: the characteristics of deep pain and abnormal central processing. Acta Physiol Sin 2026; 78 (1): 47-56