当期文章

星形胶质细胞微域钙活动研究进展

丁伏生^1,2, 杨思思³, 郑亮^1,2, 穆丹¹, 黄祝^1,2,*, 张健雄⁴

¹安庆师范大学生命科学学院，安徽省皖西南生物多样性保护与特色资源利用重点实验室，安庆 246133；²安庆师范大学药用资源靶向开发协同创新中心，安庆 24613；³陆军军医大学第一附属医院眼科，重庆 400038；⁴陆军军医大学基础医学院脑科学研究室，重庆 400038

摘要

星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中重要的一种胶质细胞，不仅能维持大脑稳态，还能主动参与大脑的信息传递。星形胶质细胞结构复杂，包括胞体、各级突起和终足。随着基因编码钙指示剂和成像技术的发展，研究人员在星形胶质细胞的细小突起或者终足上发现了许多局限的、微小的钙活动，这些钙活动简称为微域钙活动，它们与胞体钙活动存在很大差异，能够影响局部神经元、突触和血管的活动。本文阐述了微域钙活动的检测和分析、特点、来源以及功能，并总结了衰老和神经退行性疾病对微域钙活动的影响，以期更好地理解星形胶质细胞在大脑中的作用，为脑疾病的治疗提供新思路。

关键词： 星形胶质细胞; 微域; 钙活动

Research progress on calcium activities in astrocyte microdomains

DING Fu-Sheng^1,2, YANG Si-Si³, ZHENG Liang^1,2, MU Dan¹, HUANG Zhu^1,2,*, ZHANG Jian-Xiong⁴

¹Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Characteristic Resources Utilization in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China；²Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted Development of Medicinal Resources, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China；³Ophthalmology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China；⁴Brain Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China

Abstract

Astrocytes are a crucial type of glial cells in the central nervous system, not only maintaining brain homeostasis, but also actively participating in the transmission of information within the brain. Astrocytes have a complex structure that includes the soma, various levels of processes, and end-feet. With the advancement of genetically encoded calcium indicators and imaging technologies, researchers have discovered numerous localized and small calcium activities in the fine processes and end-feet. These calcium activities were termed as microdomain calcium activities, which significantly differ from the calcium activities in the soma and can influence the activity of local neurons, synapses, and blood vessels. This article elaborates the detection and analysis, characteristics, sources, and functions of microdomain calcium activities, and discusses the impact of aging and neurodegenerative diseases on these activities, aiming to enhance the understanding of the role of astrocytes in the brain and to provide new insights for the treatment of brain disorders.

Key words: Astrocyte; microdomain; calcium activities

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：黄祝　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2025.0023

引用本文：

丁伏生, 杨思思, 郑亮, 穆丹, 黄祝, 张健雄. 星形胶质细胞微域钙活动研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2025; 77 (3): 534-544.

DING Fu-Sheng, YANG Si-Si, ZHENG Liang, MU Dan, HUANG Zhu, ZHANG Jian-Xiong. Research progress on calcium activities in astrocyte microdomains. Acta Physiol Sin 2025; 77 (3): 534-544 (in Chinese with English abstract).