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高压氧疗法对神经退行性疾病的作用机制及应用研究进展

王芳芳, 王楠, 袁恒荣, 许骥, 马骏, 包晓辰, 方以群^*

海军军医大学海军特色医学中心潜水与高气压医学研究室，上海 200433

摘要

神经退行性疾病(neurodegenerative diseases, NDD)导致死亡人数将于2040年超过癌症，成为继心脑血管疾病后的第二大致死因素。因此，寻求有效的干预措施已成为应对这一难题的首要任务。高压氧疗法(hyperbaric oxygen therapy, HBOT)在过去的50 年里一直被用于治疗减压病、一氧化碳中毒和辐射损伤等疾病。近年来，研究证实HBOT在改善脑外伤和中风后的认知障碍、缓解NDD相关的神经变性和功能障碍等方面具有较好的效果。本文通过回顾NDD的发病机制和治疗现状，介绍HBOT在NDD动物模型和临床研究中的应用情况，从线粒体功能、神经炎症、神经发生和血管形成、氧化应激、细胞凋亡、微循环及表观遗传改变等方面阐述HBOT治疗NDD的应用潜力。

关键词： 高压氧疗法; 神经退行性疾病; 氧化应激; 神经炎症; 临床应用

Progress on the mechanism and application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for neurodegenerative diseases

WANG Fang-Fang, WANG Nan, YUAN Heng-Rong, XU Ji, MA Jun, BAO Xiao-Chen, FANG Yi-Qun^*

Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Research, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China

Abstract

In 2040, neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) will overtake cancer as the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, the search for effective intervention measures has become the top priority to deal with this difficult burden. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been used for the past 50 years to treat conditions such as decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning and radiation damage. In recent years, studies have confirmed that HBOT has good effects in improving cognitive impairment after brain injury and stroke, and alleviating neurodegeneration and dysfunction related to NDD. Here we reviewed the pathogenesis and treatment state of NDD, introduced the application of HBOT in animal models and clinical studies of NDD, and expounded the application potential of HBOT in the treatment of NDD from the perspective of mitochondrial function, neuroinflammation, neurogenesis and angiogenesis, oxidative stress, apoptosis, microcirculation and epigenetics.

Key words: dopamine system; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; schizophrenia;

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通讯作者：方以群　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2025.0033

引用本文：

王芳芳, 王楠, 袁恒荣, 许骥, 马骏, 包晓辰, 方以群. 高压氧疗法对神经退行性疾病的作用机制及应用研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2025; 77 (2): 318-326.

WANG Fang-Fang, WANG Nan, YUAN Heng-Rong, XU Ji, MA Jun, BAO Xiao-Chen, FANG Yi-Qun. Progress on the mechanism and application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Acta Physiol Sin 2025; 77 (2): 318-326 (in Chinese with English abstract).