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运动介导microRNAs调控骨代谢的研究进展

元宇¹, 饶林振¹, 张士花^1,2, 徐洋¹, 李婷婷², 邹军², 翁锡全^1,*

¹广州体育学院运动与健康学院，广州 510500；²上海体育学院运动健康学院，上海 200438

摘要

运动改善骨代谢，促进骨骼生长发育，缓解骨量流失的作用已被广泛证实。在骨代谢中，微小RNA (microRNAs, miRNAs)广泛参与骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞及破骨细胞等骨组织细胞的增殖及分化，通过靶向作用于相关成骨因子或骨吸收因子调控骨形成与骨吸收之间的平衡，在骨代谢的调控中发挥重要作用。近年的研究表明，调控miRNAs是运动或机械应力促进骨代谢正平衡的途径之一，运动能够诱导骨骼中miRNAs差异表达，进而调控相关成骨因子或骨吸收因子的表达，进一步加强运动的促成骨效应。本综述总结了运动介导miRNAs调控骨代谢的相关研究进展，为骨质疏松的运动防治提供理论基础。

关键词： 运动; microRNA; 械应力; 骨形成; 骨吸收

Exercise regulates bone metabolism via microRNAs

YUAN Yu¹, RAO Lin-Zhen¹, ZHANG Shi-Hua^1,2, XU Yang¹, LI Ting-Ting², ZOU Jun², WENG Xi-Quan^1,*

¹School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China；²School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China

Abstract

It has been well documented that exercise can improve bone metabolism, promote bone growth and development, and alleviate bone loss. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widely involved in the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and other bone tissue cells, and regulation of balance between bone formation and bone resorption by targeting osteogenic factors or bone resorption factors. Thus miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Recently, regulation of miRNAs are shown to be one of the ways by which exercise or mechanical stress promotes the positive balance of bone metabolism. Exercise induces changes of miRNAs expression in bone tissue and regulates the expression of related osteogenic factors or bone resorption factors, to further strengthen the osteogenic effect of exercise. This review summarizes relevant studies on the mechanism whereby exercise regulates bone metabolism via miRNAs, providing a theoretical basis for osteoporosis prevention and treatment with exercise.

Key words: Exercise; microRNA; mechanical stress; bone formation; bone resorption

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：翁锡全　　E-mail: wengxq@gzsport.edu.cn

引用本文：

元宇, 饶林振, 张士花, 徐洋, 李婷婷, 邹军, 翁锡全. 运动介导microRNAs调控骨代谢的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2023; 75 (3): 429-438.

YUAN Yu, RAO Lin-Zhen, ZHANG Shi-Hua, XU Yang, LI Ting-Ting, ZOU Jun, WENG Xi-Quan. Exercise regulates bone metabolism via microRNAs. Acta Physiol Sin 2023; 75 (3): 429-438 (in Chinese with English abstract).