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痕量胺相关受体1的免疫调节作用及其机制研究进展

张献强, 李继涛, 司天梅, 苏允爱^*

北京大学第六医院，北京大学精神卫生研究所，国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学)，国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院)，北京 100191

摘要

痕量胺是分布于中枢神经系统和外周组织中的一类内源性活性化合物，它们在亚细胞定位和化学结构等方面类似于常见的生物胺。痕量胺相关受体(trace amine-associated receptor, TAAR)是脊椎动物中进化保守的一类G蛋白偶联受体，其中TAAR1参与多巴胺、5-羟色胺等单胺能递质传递的调节，被认为是精神分裂症、抑郁症和药物成瘾等精神疾病潜在的治疗新靶点。此外，TAAR1在外周组织中也有显著表达。研究提示痕量胺能系统的稳态失调会导致外周免疫系统的过度激活，还会诱发中枢免疫炎症反应。由于TAAR1在免疫反应的产生或调节中可能发挥重要作用，TAAR1调节剂有望成为一种治疗免疫相关疾病的新药物。

关键词： 痕量胺相关受体1; 免疫反应; 神经免疫调节; 肿瘤免疫

Research progress on the immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of trace amine-associated receptor 1

ZHANG Xian-Qiang, LI Ji-Tao, SI Tian-Mei, SU Yun-Ai^*

Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China

Abstract

Trace amines are endogenous molecules distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues that resemble common biogenic amines in terms of subcellular localization, chemical structure, and metabolism. Trace amine-associated receptor (TAAR) is a kind of evolutionarily conserved G-protein-coupled receptors in vertebrates, in which TAAR1 is a functional regulator of monoamine transmitters such as dopamine and serotonin. TAAR1 is widely considered as a potential therapeutic target for schizophrenia, depression and drug addiction. Moreover, TAAR1 is also expressed in peripheral tissues. The homeostasis imbalance of trace aminergic system can induce over-activation of peripheral immune system and central immune inflammatory response. TAAR1 modulators are becoming potential emerging drugs for the treatment of immune-related illnesses, because they may play a major role in the activation or modulation of immune response.

Key words: trace amine-associated receptor 1; immune response; neuroimmunomodulation; tumor immunity

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：苏允爱　　E-mail: suyunai@bjmu.edu.cn

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2023.0004

引用本文：

张献强, 李继涛, 司天梅, 苏允爱. 痕量胺相关受体1的免疫调节作用及其机制研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2023; 75 (2): 248-254.

ZHANG Xian-Qiang, LI Ji-Tao, SI Tian-Mei, SU Yun-Ai. Research progress on the immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of trace amine-associated receptor 1. Acta Physiol Sin 2023; 75 (2): 248-254 (in Chinese with English abstract).