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细胞焦亡与心血管疾病的研究进展

王佳慧^1,2, 梁欢^1,2, 于影^1,2, 高琴^1,2,*

¹蚌埠医学院生理学教研室，蚌埠 233000；²蚌埠医学院心脑血管疾病基础与临床重点实验室，蚌埠 233000

摘要

细胞焦亡是一类与炎症反应密切相关、由Gasdermin蛋白介导、依赖于caspase活性的程序性细胞死亡方式，其典型特征是细胞膜肿胀破裂，促炎性因子和细胞内容物释放到细胞外环境，引起机体产生炎症反应。在炎症反应期间，NLRP3、caspase、Gasdermin D (GSDMD)、IL-1β等细胞焦亡相关因子在心血管疾病的发生和发展中发挥重要作用。本文着重介绍了细胞焦亡的主要发生机制，深入分析了细胞焦亡在动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、心肌梗死、糖尿病心肌病、压力超负荷所致的心室重构和心脏肥大、心肌炎、心律失常等心血管疾病中的作用，并总结了靶向细胞焦亡治疗心血管疾病的潜在治疗方法，为临床心血管疾病的防治研究提供基础。

关键词： 焦亡; Gasdermin; caspase; 炎症小体; 心血管疾病

分类号：R331.3

Research progress on pyroptosis and cardiovascular diseases

WANG Jia-Hui^1,2, LIANG Huan^1,2, YU Ying^1,2, GAO Qin^1,2,*

¹Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China；²Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China

Abstract

Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death which is closely related to the inflammatory response, mediated by Gasdermin protein and depends on the activity of cysteine aspartate specific protease (caspase). Pyroptosis is typically characterized by swelling and rupture of cell membrane, release of proinflammatory factors and cell contents from the plasma membrane to the extracellular environment, which aggravates inflammatory response. During the inflammatory response, NLRP3, caspase, Gasdermin D (GSDMD) and IL-1β play important roles in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we focus on the role of pyroptosis in cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, diabetic cardiomyopathy, pressure overload-induced ventricular remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy, myocarditis, arrhythmia and so on, and summarize the potential treatment targeting pyroptosis. It will provide the basis for prevention and treatment of clinical cardiovascular diseases.

Key words: pyroptosis; Gasdermin; caspase; inflammasome; cardiovascular disease

收稿日期：2020-04-20　　录用日期：2020-08-17

通讯作者：高琴　　E-mail: bbmcgq@126.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2020.0063

引用本文：

王佳慧, 梁欢, 于影, 高琴. 细胞焦亡与心血管疾病的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2021; 73 (2): 329-341.

WANG Jia-Hui, LIANG Huan, YU Ying, GAO Qin. Research progress on pyroptosis and cardiovascular diseases. Acta Physiol Sin 2021; 73 (2): 329-341 (in Chinese with English abstract).