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阿尔茨海默病与癌症发病负相关的表观遗传学机制研究进展

夏文祯, 李海鹏, 许顺江^*

河北医科大学第一医院中心实验室，河北省脑科学与精神心理疾病重点实验室，石家庄 050031

摘要

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)是老年人群中最常见的神经退行性疾病。它以细胞外β-淀粉样蛋白大量沉积和细胞内神经原纤维缠结形成为主要特征。癌症也是一种与年龄相关的疾病。流行病学研究表明，AD与癌症发病存在负相关性，即AD患者并发癌症的风险降低，反之亦然。表观遗传学机制在AD和癌症的发生、发展过程中都发挥着重要作用。本文将对AD和癌症发病的表观遗传学机制的最新进展进行综述，为用“整体观念”重新认识AD和癌症的相关性提供新的思路。

关键词： 阿尔茨海默病; 癌症; 表观遗传学机制; 负相关性

分类号：R741.02

Research progress on the epigenetic mechanisms of inverse relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and cancer onset

XIA Wen-Zhen, LI Hai-Peng, XU Shun-Jiang^*

Central Laboratory of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang 050031, China

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is currently the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the aging population. It is characterized by massive deposition of extracellular β-amyloid peptide and formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Cancer is also an age-related disease. Some epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between AD and the onset of various types of cancers, that is, the risk of cancer in patients with AD is reduced, and vice versa. Epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in the development of AD and cancer. In this article, we will review the recent research advances on the epigenetic mechanisms of AD and cancer onset, and provide new ideas for rethinking the relevance of AD and cancer with a “holistic concept”.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease; cancer; epigenetic mechanism; inverse relationship

收稿日期：2019-07-31　　录用日期：2019-12-16

通讯作者：许顺江　　E-mail: sjxu66@hotmail.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2020.0021

引用本文：

夏文祯, 李海鹏, 许顺江. 阿尔茨海默病与癌症发病负相关的表观遗传学机制研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2020; 72 (4): 506-512.

XIA Wen-Zhen, LI Hai-Peng, XU Shun-Jiang. Research progress on the epigenetic mechanisms of inverse relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and cancer onset. Acta Physiol Sin 2020; 72 (4): 506-512 (in Chinese with English abstract).