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大鼠脑皮层血管栓塞和再生过程的实时动态记录方法

丁惠洁¹, 刘珂舟^1,2, 杨珊珊³, 李鹏³, 严明^1,*

¹杭州电子科技大学生命信息与仪器工程学院，杭州 310018；²浙江大学生物医学工程与仪器科学学院，杭州 310027；³浙江大学光学科学与工程学院，杭州 310027

摘要

本研究旨在建立观察脑皮层血管堵塞、脑缺血损伤区血管再生、重构的动态变化过程的方法。创建能够在体连续观测大鼠皮层血管缺血后变化的动物光窗模型，并用光化学栓塞法建立大鼠皮层局部脑缺血模型，通过光相干层析成像术(optical coherence tomography, OCT)实时记录血管堵塞的形成过程以及周围小血管的损伤、再生情况。结果显示，激光照射30 min可以形成完全堵塞大鼠皮层血管的栓塞；缺血后24~48 h内，脑损伤程度最大，损伤区域内血管数量达到最少，随后堵塞的主血管开始疏通，缺血区域内周围小血管开始再生；激光照射后皮层浅层/深层的小血管显著消失，在照射后第10天，皮层浅层出现大量新生血管，而深层血管仍未恢复。以上结果表明，本研究建立的方法可以进行不间断地长期观测，为深入定量研究脑缺血恢复期间栓塞血管及周边毛细血管的动态奠定了基础，为损伤区血管重构网络调控模式研究提供帮助，为脑缺血性疾病的治疗提供理论指导和新研究方法。

关键词： 光化学栓塞法; 局部脑缺血; 光相干层析成像; 血管再生

分类号：R363.1; R363.2+1

Real-time dynamic recording of cerebral cortical vascular embolization and regeneration in rats

DING Hui-Jie¹, LIU Ke-Zhou^1,2, YANG Shan-Shan³, LI Peng³, YAN Ming^1,*

¹College of Life Information and Instrument Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China；²College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China；³College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to establish a method to record the dynamic process of vascular regeneration and remodeling in rat cerebral ischemic regions. An animal brain window model was established to continuously observe the changes of rat cortical vascular ischemia in vivo, and the model of cerebral ischemia was established by photochemical embolization. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed to record the formation of vascular blockage and the injury and regeneration of small vessels during cerebral ischemia recovery. The results showed that 30 min of laser irradiation could completely block the cortical vessels in rats. Within 24–48 h after ischemia, the degree of brain injury was the greatest, and the number of blood vessels in the ischemic region reached the minimum. Then the blocked blood vessels began to be dredged, and the small blood vessels around the ischemic area began to regenerate. Small blood vessels in the superficial/deep layers of the cortex disappeared significantly after laser irradiation. During 10 d after ischemia, the blocked blood vessels were gradually dredged and recovered. On the 10th day after laser irradiation, a large number of neovascularization appeared in the superficial layer of cortex, but the deep vessels did not recover. These results indicate that the method established in this study can observe the changes of blood vessel in cerebral ischemic region continuously, which lays a foundation for further quantitative study on the dynamics of embolized blood vessels and peripheral capillaries during the recovery of cerebral ischemia.

Key words: photothrombosis; focal cerebral ischemia; optical coherence tomography; angiogenesis

收稿日期：2018-10-09　　录用日期：2018-12-03

通讯作者：严明　　E-mail: yanming@hdu.edu.cn

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2019.0015

引用本文：

丁惠洁, 刘珂舟, 杨珊珊, 李鹏, 严明. 大鼠脑皮层血管栓塞和再生过程的实时动态记录方法[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (4): 581-587.

DING Hui-Jie, LIU Ke-Zhou, YANG Shan-Shan, LI Peng, YAN Ming. Real-time dynamic recording of cerebral cortical vascular embolization and regeneration in rats. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (4): 581-587 (in Chinese with English abstract).