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雄激素及其受体在肥胖、肥胖相关疾病及糖脂代谢紊乱中的作用

尹利军, 王晓慧^*

上海体育学院运动科学学院，上海 200438

摘要

雄激素在肥胖及肥胖相关疾病如糖尿病、代谢综合征、动脉粥样硬化、高血压、心血管疾病等的发生及肥胖的糖脂代谢紊乱中的作用受到越来越多的关注。雄激素的作用主要通过雄激素受体(androgen receptor, AR)介导，AR属于核受体超家族成员，在骨骼肌、肝脏、脂肪、脑等组织中均有分布和表达。低水平的睾酮和AR功能缺失能促进肥胖及其相关疾病的发生，诱导糖脂代谢的紊乱。睾酮/AR能调控几乎所有与糖脂代谢、肥胖相关疾病发生有关的途径，包括糖脂代谢关键酶和关键蛋白、核转录因子(PPARγ、LXRα、FoxO1)、炎症反应、下丘脑的瘦素敏感性、脂肪细胞的增殖和分化、线粒体功能和血管内皮细胞功能。此外，与男性不同，高水平雄激素的女性可出现肥胖及糖脂代谢的紊乱，其机制还不清楚。本文主要就雄激素和AR在男性肥胖及其相关疾病的发生以及糖脂代谢紊乱中的作用及机制作一综述。

关键词： 雄激素; 雄激素受体; PPARγ; LXRα; FoxO1; 脂肪和炎症因子; 糖脂代谢酶

分类号：Q459

Research advance in the effects of androgen and its receptor on the development of obesity, obesity-related diseases and disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism

YIN Li-Jun, WANG Xiao-Hui^*

School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China

Abstract

Recently, there has been a growing interest in the roles of androgen in the development of obesity and obesity-related diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis (AS), hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, as well as in the disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. Androgen exerts its biological role mainly through binding to the androgen receptor (AR), one of the nuclear receptors widely expressed in multiple tissues such as the skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue and brain. Low testosterone and AR deficiency result in obesity, obesity-related diseases and metabolic disorders. Androgen regulates almost all the intracellular transduction pathways related to glucose and lipid metabolism, including key metabolic enzymes/proteins, nuclear transcription factors (PPARγ, LXRα and FoxO1), inflammation, leptin sensitivity of hypothalamus, proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte, mitochondrial function and vascular endothelial function. In addition, females with high androgen are more likely to develop obesity as well as glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review focuses on the role and underlying mechanisms of androgen and AR in the development of obesity and obesity-related diseases as well as glucose and lipid metabolism disturbance in men.

Key words: androgen; androgen receptor; PPARγ; LXRα; FoxO1; adipokine and inflammatory factor; enzyme of glucose and lipid metabolism

收稿日期：2017-11-07　　录用日期：2018-01-05

通讯作者：王晓慧　　E-mail: wangpan96@126.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2018.0018

引用本文：

尹利军, 王晓慧. 雄激素及其受体在肥胖、肥胖相关疾病及糖脂代谢紊乱中的作用[J]. 生理学报 2018; 70 (3): 319-328.

YIN Li-Jun, WANG Xiao-Hui. Research advance in the effects of androgen and its receptor on the development of obesity, obesity-related diseases and disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. Acta Physiol Sin 2018; 70 (3): 319-328 (in Chinese with English abstract).