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脑内高锰是阿尔茨海默病的危险因素

余琴, 周远忠^*

遵义医学院公共卫生学院，遵义 563000

摘要

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease, AD)是一种神经系统退行性疾病。锰(manganese, Mn)是人体必需的微量元素。Mn可通过血-脑屏障和血-脑脊液屏障进入脑组织。脑内过量Mn蓄积将会破坏中枢神经系统(central nervous system, CNS)微环境稳态，造成严重的神经损伤。最新的研究提示过量Mn可损害动物的学习记忆功能，引起不可逆转的进行性认知功能减退，最终导致AD的发生。然而，Mn参与AD发病过程的机制仍不清楚，并且存在争议。本文综述了Mn对CNS、线粒体功能、p53表达和β淀粉样蛋白前体或β淀粉样蛋白的作用，并且分析了这些作用在Mn参与AD发病过程中的意义。

关键词： 阿尔茨海默病; 锰; 神经毒性; β淀粉样蛋白

分类号：R741.02

High level of Mn in brain is a risk for Alzheimer disease

YU Qin, ZHOU Yuan-Zhong^*

School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China

Abstract

 Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease. Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element in the human body. It can enter the brain through the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Excessive accumulation of Mn in the brain may disturb the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) microenvironment and cause severe neuronal damage. The most recent data suggest that excessive Mn is associated with impaired learning and memory in animal models, and may lead to irreversible and progressive mild cognitive impairment and AD. However, the mechanism for the involvement of Mn in AD pathogenesis remains controversial. This paper reviews the effects of Mn on CNS, mitochondrial function, p53 expression, and amyloid precursor protein/β-amyloid metabolism, and analyzes the relationship between these effects and AD pathogenesis.

Key words: Alzheimer disease; manganese; β-amyloid; neurotoxicity

收稿日期：2017-08-27　　录用日期：2018-03-15

通讯作者：周远忠　　E-mail: zhouyuanzhong@163.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2018.0024

引用本文：

余琴, 周远忠. 脑内高锰是阿尔茨海默病的危险因素[J]. 生理学报 2018; 70 (2): 193-200.

YU Qin, ZHOU Yuan-Zhong. High level of Mn in brain is a risk for Alzheimer disease. Acta Physiol Sin 2018; 70 (2): 193-200