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小麦族几种近缘植物细胞在长期离体培养中的染色体变异

宋锡全, 夏光敏, 陈惠民

山东大学生命科学学院.山东,济南 250100

摘要

对小麦及其4种近缘属间禾草进行了长时间的愈伤组织培养,在继代过程中染色体数目的变异在染色体倍性低的簇毛麦及新麦草倾向于数目的增大;染色体倍性高的小麦趋向于数目的减少;而倍性居中的羊草既有增大也有减小;染色体倍性最高的高冰草最为稳定,但也有减少的趋向。愈伤组织的胚性主要与二倍体及亚二倍体的总水平相关。

关键词： 小麦及近缘禾草; 组织培养; 染色体数量变异; 愈伤组织胚性; 同工酶

Chromosomal variation in long-term cultures of several related plants in triticinae

Song Xiquan, Xia Guangmin, Chen Huimin

School of Life Sciences,Shandong University.Jinan 250100,Shandong

Abstract

Tissues of Triticum aestivum and 4 related grasses in Triticinae have been cultured for a long time. During subculture, plants with a small numbers of chromosomes including Haynaldia villosa and Psathyrostachys juncea tended to increase the number of or double their chromosomes. On the contrary, two genotypes of wheat which possessed a large number of chromosomes tended to decrease the number of their chromosomes. Leymus chinensis with a chromosome number between the above two have both cells with increased and with decreased numbers of chromosomes. Among all the speciese of which calli were analyzed, Agropyron elongatum with the largest number of chromosomes was most stable, but still tended slightly to decrease the number of its chromosomes. The regeneration ability of all these calli regardless of their original chromosome numbers was related to the sum of the diploids and hypodiploids.

Key words: Wheat and related grasses;Tissue culture;Chromosome variation;Regeneration ability;Isozyme pattern

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引用本文：

宋锡全, 夏光敏, 陈惠民. 小麦族几种近缘植物细胞在长期离体培养中的染色体变异[J]. 生理学报 2000; 52 (1): .

Song Xiquan, Xia Guangmin, Chen Huimin. Chromosomal variation in long-term cultures of several related plants in triticinae. Acta Physiol Sin 2000; 52 (1): (in Chinese with English abstract).