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Progress in replicative senescence of mesenchymal stem cells regulated by microenvironment

GUO Xun-Hui^1,2, WEI Wen-Juan¹, GUAN Xin¹, ZOU Wei^2,3, LIU Jing^1,2,3,*

¹Clinical Research Institute of Stem Cells, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China；²Dalian Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine Innovation, Dalian 116023, China；³Liaoning Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine, Dalian 116023, China

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a class of pluripotent cells that can self-renew and differentiate. Numerous studies have shown that MSCs have important roles in areas such as regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, it is worth noting that MSCs will gradually age during long-term in vitro expansion with decreased stemness such as weakened migration ability, slowed proliferation rate and decreased differentiation potential, which greatly hinders the application of MSCs. Currently, the microenvironment for cell growth is recognized as one of the factors causing senescence in MSCs. Recent studies point out that the latest technologies such as exogenous administration, oxygen concentration regulation and extracellular matrix (ECM) construction can delay stem cell senescence by simulating or regulating the microenvironment. Here, we review the current knowledge of the characteristics and molecular mechanisms of senescent MSCs and microenvironment strategies to maintain MSCs stemness, which can provide a reference for future large-scale application of MSCs preparations in tissue engineering and clinical studies.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells; replicative senescence; microenvironment

Received: 　　Accepted:

Corresponding author: 刘晶　　E-mail: liujing.dlrmc@hotmail.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2022.0050

Citing This Article：

GUO Xun-Hui, WEI Wen-Juan, GUAN Xin, ZOU Wei, LIU Jing. Progress in replicative senescence of mesenchymal stem cells regulated by microenvironment. Acta Physiol Sin 2022; 74 (3): 469-478 (in Chinese with English abstract).