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胰岛素样生长因子-1介导运动改善骨骼肌萎缩机制的研究进展

王谦, 何亦敏, 董宇茉, 吴华朵, 张艺, 姜宁^*

天津体育学院运动健康学院，天津市运动生理学与运动医学重点实验室，天津 301617

摘要

骨骼肌萎缩主要表现为骨骼肌肌纤维质量与数量的减少，从而导致肌肉力量和功能的受损，其主要包括废用性肌萎缩、衰老性肌萎缩、失神经性肌萎缩以及疾病导致的肌萎缩等。作为一种经济有效的方式，运动已广泛应用于预防和治疗骨骼肌萎缩，但其改善骨骼肌萎缩的机制尚不清楚。最近的研究表明，胰岛素样生长因子-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1, IGF-1)除了具有促进神经元存活、降血糖、抗炎等作用外，还在通过运动改善肌萎缩方面发挥重要作用。本文综述了IGF-1介导运动改善骨骼肌萎缩机制的最新发现，为预防和治疗这种疾病提供理论依据。

关键词： 骨骼肌萎缩; 胰岛素样生长因子-1; 运动; 机制

Recent advances in the mechanism of insulin-like growth factor-1-mediated exercise-induced improvement of skeletal muscle atrophy

WANG Qian, HE Yi-Min, DONG Yu-Mo, WU Hua-Duo, ZHANG Yi, JIANG Ning^*

Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China

Abstract

Skeletal muscle atrophy is characterized by a reduction in both the size and quantity of skeletal muscle fibers, resulting in impaired muscle strength and function. It mainly includes disuse muscle atrophy, aging muscle atrophy, denervated muscle atrophy and muscle atrophy caused by disease etc. As a cost-effective way, exercise has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy, but its mechanism for improving skeletal muscle atrophy remains unclear. Recent studies have indicated that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in improving muscle atrophy through exercise, in addition to promoting the survival of neurons, lowering blood sugar, and anti-inflammation. This article reviews recent findings on the mechanisms by which IGF-1 mediates exercise-induced improvement in skeletal muscle atrophy, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of this disease.

Key words: skeletal muscle atrophy; insulin-like growth factor-1; exercise; mechanism

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：姜宁　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2025.0085

引用本文：

王谦, 何亦敏, 董宇茉, 吴华朵, 张艺, 姜宁. 胰岛素样生长因子-1介导运动改善骨骼肌萎缩机制的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2025; 77 (5): 969-978.

WANG Qian, HE Yi-Min, DONG Yu-Mo, WU Hua-Duo, ZHANG Yi, JIANG Ning. Recent advances in the mechanism of insulin-like growth factor-1-mediated exercise-induced improvement of skeletal muscle atrophy. Acta Physiol Sin 2025; 77 (5): 969-978 (in Chinese with English abstract).