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线粒体动力学与细胞能量代谢的关系及运动干预研究进展

赵永才¹, 高炳宏^2,*

¹海体育学院研究生部，上海 200438 ；²上海体育学院体育教育训练学院，上海 200438

摘要

线粒体动力学主要涉及线粒体融合、分裂及自噬，在维持细胞生理机能和稳态中发挥重要作用。线粒体是人体能量工厂，因此其融合、分裂及自噬的变化对细胞呼吸及能量的合成供给有重要意义，另一方面细胞能量代谢变化反过来也影响线粒体动力学。本文对调节线粒体融合、分裂及自噬的相关蛋白与能量代谢关系的研究进展进行综述，重点分析运动干预下线粒体动力学与电子链复合物表达、氧化磷酸化、ATP合成的关系，为运动训练及疾病干预研究提供参考。

关键词： 运动; 氧化磷酸化; 线粒体融合; 线粒体分裂; 线粒体自噬

分类号：R3

Research advances in relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and cellular energy metabolism and exercise intervention

ZHAO Yong-Cai¹, GAO Bing-Hong^2,*

¹Graduate School, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China；²School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China

Abstract

Mitochondrial dynamics, involving mitochondrial fusion, fission and autophagy, plays an important role in maintaining cellular physiological function and homeostasis. Mitochondria are the “energy plant” of human body, so the changes of mitochondrial 

fusion, division and autophagy are important for cell respiration and energy production. On the other hand, energy metabolism influences mitochondrial dynamics in turn. This paper reviewed the recent advances in studies on the relationship between energy metabolism and the proteins regulating mitochondrial fusion, fission and autophagy. The association of mitochondrial dynamics with electron chain complex expression, oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis upon exercise intervention will provide theoretical references for the further studies in sports training and disease intervention.

Key words: Exercise; oxidative phosphorylation; mitochondrial fusion; mitochondrial fission; mitophagy

收稿日期：2018-09-28　　录用日期：2018-12-03

通讯作者：高炳宏　　E-mail: gaobinghong@126.com

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2019.0037

引用本文：

赵永才, 高炳宏. 线粒体动力学与细胞能量代谢的关系及运动干预研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (4): 625-636.

ZHAO Yong-Cai, GAO Bing-Hong. Research advances in relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and cellular energy metabolism and exercise intervention. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (4): 625-636 (in Chinese with English abstract).