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Exercise preconditioning reduces exercise-induced risks of cardiovascular events in obese population

WANG Chuan-Zhi^1,*, WANG Wei², ZHANG Shuang-Shuang¹, LIANG Zhi-De², YUAN Yang¹

¹School of Sports, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China；²School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China

Abstract

Obesity is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity induces the production of inflammatory factors and changes in cardiac hemodynamics, remodeling and function, leading to myocardial damage and heart diseases. The positive effect of exercise on the cardiovascular system has been widely confirmed, while the acute cardiovascular stress caused by exercise cannot be ignored. Compared with the general population, obese people were more prone to arrhythmia and have a higher risk of cardiovascular events during exercise, due to their abnormal cardiac function, myocardial pathological remodeling and low tolerance to corresponding stress. Studies have shown that the intervention of exercise preconditioning (EP) can effectively reduce such risks. EP increases myocardial oxygen consumption through short-term exercise, resulting in relative or absolute myocardial ischemia, inducing the intrinsic myocardial protective effect and reducing the continuous ischemia caused by subsequent long-term exercise. This article reviews the obesity-induced abnormal changes of cardiac function and structure, possible exercise- induced risks of cardiovascular events in obese people and the role of EP in reducing exercise-induced risks of cardiovascular events. We summarize the progress on EP models in obese people, EP prevention against adverse cardiovascular events in obese people, with the aim to provide a theoretical basis for the application of EP in obese people.

Key words: exercise preconditioning; obese population; prevention; exercise-induced risks of cardiovascular events

Received: 　　Accepted:

Corresponding author: 王传志　　E-mail: yuanyangoffice@yeah.net

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2022.0074

Citing This Article：

WANG Chuan-Zhi, WANG Wei, ZHANG Shuang-Shuang, LIANG Zhi-De, YUAN Yang. Exercise preconditioning reduces exercise-induced risks of cardiovascular events in obese population. Acta Physiol Sin 2022; 74 (5): 792-804 (in Chinese with English abstract).