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转录因子PU.1调控红系分化的分子机制及其在血液疾病中的作用

杨子江, 胡丹, 张秀娟^*

广东医科大学生理学教研室，湛江 524023

摘要

转录因子PU.1作为ETS家族的核心成员，在造血干细胞的多谱系分化中扮演着至关重要的角色，尤其在调控红系分化过程中具有关键作用。PU.1 通过调控红系分化相关分子的转录，并与其他关键转录因子相互作用，精细调控造血干细胞向红系细胞的分化过程。PU.1在红细胞的发育和功能中发挥着不可替代的作用，其表达的异常与多种血液疾病的发生和进展紧密相关，包括白血病、骨髓增生异常综合征和各类贫血症。本文综合分析了PU.1在红系分化各阶段的功能及其作用机制，并探讨了其在相关血液疾病中的潜在作用；不仅深化了对PU.1调控红系分化分子机制的认识，而且为基于PU.1的血液疾病治疗策略提供了理论依据。

关键词： PU.1; 红系分化; 转录因子; 红细胞生成

Molecular mechanism of transcription factor PU.1 regulating erythroid differentiation and its role in hematological diseases

YANG Zi-Jiang, HU Dan, ZHANG Xiu-Juan^*

Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China

Abstract

Transcription factor PU.1, as a core member of the ETS family, plays a pivotal role in the multi-lineage differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, particularly in the regulation of erythroid differentiation. PU.1 orchestrates the process of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation towards erythroid cells by modulating the transcription of lineage-determining factors and interacting with other key transcription factors in a fine-tuned manner. PU.1 plays an irreplaceable role in the development and function of red blood cells, with its abnormal expression closely related to the occurrence and progression of various blood diseases, including leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and various types of anemia. This article comprehensively analyzes the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of PU.1 in various stages of erythroid differentiation, as well as its potential roles in related blood diseases. This review not only deepens our understanding of the mechanism by which PU.1 regulates erythroid differentiation, but also provides theoretical grounds for blood disease therapies based on PU.1.

Key words: PU.1; erythroid differentiation; transcription factors; erythropoiesis

收稿日期：　　录用日期：

通讯作者：张秀娟　　E-mail:

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2025.0076

引用本文：

杨子江, 胡丹, 张秀娟. 转录因子PU.1调控红系分化的分子机制及其在血液疾病中的作用[J]. 生理学报 2025; 77 (5): 855-866.

YANG Zi-Jiang, HU Dan, ZHANG Xiu-Juan. Molecular mechanism of transcription factor PU.1 regulating erythroid differentiation and its role in hematological diseases. Acta Physiol Sin 2025; 77 (5): 855-866 (in Chinese with English abstract).