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MicroRNAs对骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗的调控及其机制

郑莉芳, 陈佩杰, 肖卫华^*

上海体育学院运动科学学院，上海 200438

摘要

胰岛素抵抗是肥胖和2型糖尿病发生的共同病理生理机制。骨骼肌是胰岛素介导的葡萄糖摄取、代谢、利用的主要靶器官之一，是胰岛素抵抗发生最早和最重要的部位。研究表明，骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取障碍、胰岛素信号通路受损、线粒体生物合成受阻与骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗密切相关。当骨骼肌发生胰岛素抵抗时，多种microRNAs (miRNAs)表达上调(miR-106b，miR-23a，miR-761，miR-135a，Let-7，miR-29a)或下调(miR-133a，miR-149，miR-1)，它们参与对骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取、胰岛素信号通路及线粒体生物合成的调控，在骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗的发生与发展中发挥了重要作用。这些miRNAs可作为治疗骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗或糖尿病的潜在靶点。

关键词： microRNAs; 骨骼肌; 胰岛素抵抗; 线粒体生物合成

分类号：R3;Q4;Q5

Roles and mechanism of microRNAs in the regulation of skeletal muscle insulin resistance

ZHENG Li-Fang, CHEN Pei-Jie, XIAO Wei-Hua^*

School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sports, Shanghai 200438, China

Abstract

Insulin resistance is a common pathophysiological mechanism of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Skeletal muscle is one of the major target organs of insulin-mediated glucose uptake, metabolism and utilization, and it is the earliest and most important site of insulin resistance. Studies have shown that the impairments of glucose uptake, insulin signaling pathway and mitochondrial biosynthesis are closely related to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. When insulin resistance develops in skeletal muscle, multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) are up-regulated (miR-106b, miR-23a, miR-761, miR-135a, Let-7 and miR-29a) or down-regulated (miR-133a, miR-149 and miR-1). They participate in the regulation of skeletal muscle glucose uptake, insulin signaling pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis, and thus play important roles in the occurrence and development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Therefore, these miRNAs may serve as potential targets for the treatment of skeletal muscle insulin resistance or diabetes.

Key words: microRNAs; skeletal muscle; insulin resistance; mitochondrial biosynthesis

收稿日期：2018-06-16　　录用日期：2018-08-16

通讯作者：肖卫华　　E-mail: xiaoweihua@sus.edu.cn

DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2018.0061

引用本文：

郑莉芳, 陈佩杰, 肖卫华. MicroRNAs对骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗的调控及其机制[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (3): 497-504.

ZHENG Li-Fang, CHEN Pei-Jie, XIAO Wei-Hua. Roles and mechanism of microRNAs in the regulation of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (3): 497-504 (in Chinese with English abstract).